Penn World Table (Version 8.x)

The primary objective of this research is to ascertain the relationship between corporate social responsibility, environmental investments and financial performance in Nigerian manufacturing firms. The hypotheses are tested on internal environmental investments and external environmental investments on firm's financial performance. It further determines if there is a significant difference between the profitability of environmentally conscious and environmentally non-conscious firms in Nigeria. Descriptive analysis is used to explain the variables applied and panel regression analysis is used to find out if there exists a relationship between internal environmental investments (employee benefits, staff training cost), external environmental investments (donations) and firm's financial performance. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship exists between internal environmental investments and firm's financial performance. It is also found a positive but insignificant relationship between external environmental investments and firm's financial performance. Furthermore, paired sample t tests are used to reveal that there was a significant difference between the profitability of environmentally conscious and environmentally non-conscious firms. The finding of this study explains that firms with higher environmental investments have a higher profitability level than environmentally non-conscious firms.

The relationship between corporate social responsibility, environmental investments and financial performance: evidence from manufacturing companies

Introduction 1. Historical Background 2. UNCTAD's Secretariat Structure 3. Research, Analysis and Major Publications 4. "Golden Years," 1960s-1970s 5. Crisis, Retreat and Reinvention, 1980s-Onwards 6. The Multilateral Trading System and the Future: Where Does UNCTAD Fit into the WTO? 7. Conclusion

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

The objective of this study is to re-examine the impact of the informal economy on economic growth in Pakistan. This study first computed the informal economy through currency demand equation and t...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/20430795.2020.1711501

Does informal economy impede economic growth? Evidence from an emerging economy

The willingness to pay (WTP) plays a central role in directing appropriate policy regarding ambitious renewable energy targets. Based on this discrepancy, this study intends to investigate the willingness to pay (WTP) for Turkish citizens regarding green electricity by using a one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). The interviews were conducted comprising 2500 households in 12 major metropolitan cities of Turkey, which is based on the contingent valuation method and consists of 26 questions. The results indicate that for a 20% share of renewable energy, middle-income groups are willing to pay higher than lower and upper-income groups. Moreover, highly environmentally conscious people tend to pay more for a 20% share of green energy. On the other hand, high-income groups and old age groups indicated a positive and high willingness to pay for a 30% share of renewable energy (RE) sources. In addition, primary school and undergraduate educational groups recorded highly significant results for willingness to pay. The results also indicate that Turkish citizens are willing to pay 9.25 Turkish liras (TL) per month for a 20% share and 4.77 Turkish liras per month for a 30% share of renewable energy in total energy production.

Nexus between willingness to pay for renewable energy sources: Evidence from Turkey

The objective of this study is to endorse the driving factors behind total factor productivity (TFP) and economic growth in Pakistan. Pakistan’s average growth rate is 5% for last few decades, and although this growth level is satisfactory, Pakistan faced several formidable challenges yet. The economic growth has been determined mainly through labor-intensive technology and export-oriented manufacturing activities. However, TFP is assessed from the aggregate production function using the Cobb–Douglas production function that permits for the simultaneous expansion of outputs and contraction of inputs. The annual timer series data have been extracted from 1972–2016 World development Indicator (WDI) for this study. The overall results reveal that almost all variables are statistical significant. Moreover, innovation significantly contributes to economic growth and production level in Pakistan. This analysis may have significant suggestions to policy makers in Pakistan and other emerging economies when framing sustainable growth policy.

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Innovation, total factor productivity and economic growth in Pakistan: a policy perspective

This study examines significant determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in China using bounds test approach for the period of 1980–2015. It shows that the main determinants of FDI i...

Bashir Ahmad Khilji

Papers

Innovation, total factor productivity and economic growth in Pakistan: a policy perspective

Reexamining the determinants of foreign direct investment in China