Brian E. Saelens

TL;DR: In this article, neighborhood environment characteristics proposed to be relevant to walking/cycling for transport are defined, including population density, connectivity, and land use mix, with evidence suggesting that residents from communities with higher density, greater connectivity and more land-use mix report higher rates of walking and cycling for utilitarian purposes than low-density, poorly connected, and single land use neighborhoods.

TL;DR: In the present review, self-reports are defined as selfadministered or interviewer-administered recall questionnaires, activity logs or diaries, and proxy reports (typically used to assess young children).

TL;DR: Neighborhood environment was associated with physical activity and overweight prevalence and the reliability and validity of self-reported neighborhood environment subscales were supported.

TL;DR: Evidence on correlates appears sufficient to support policy changes and more recent evidence supports the conclusions of prior reviews, and new studies address some of the limitations of earlier studies.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that community design is significantly associated with moderate levels of physical activity is supported and the rationale for the development of policy that promotes increased levels of land-use mix, street connectivity, and residential density as interventions that can have lasting public health benefits is supported.