U Hrvatskoj nikada nije bilo oplemenjivackih programa za povrce, vec su sorte kreirane entuzijazmom autora kao "sporedni" proizvod znanstveno-istraživackog rada na povrcu. Na Sortnoj listi poljoprivrednog bilja RH, zakljucno s 2010. godinom, ima 17 sorti povrca koje su kreirane i upisane u listu od 1964. godine.

The vegetable crops

Different irrigation methods and water stress effects on potato yield and yield components

Yield and size of deficit irrigated potatoes

Because most commercial potato cultivars were developed in temperate regions, they are adapted, therefore producing the greatest yield under long photoperiods and moderate temperatures. Both heat and salinity stress reduce yield markedly. As potato production moves to areas of the globe where either or both heat and salinity stress are likely to be factors that affect production, our need increases for potato germplasm that can tolerate these adverse conditions. Genetic studies on germplasm variability have revealed species or even cultivars of potato that can resist abiotic stress. The inheritance of abiotic stress resistance is likely to be multigenic, a factor that may limit the utility of transgenic approaches to stress tolerance. However, the development of new methodology, such as association genetics in conjunction with marker-assisted selection, offers promise that stress-tolerant germplasm can be developed as our need increases.

Adaptation of potato to high temperatures and salinity-a review

Breeding strategies for drought tolerance in potato were evaluated by means of a crop growth model, in which seasonal courses of crop dry matter accumulation and soil moisture availability were simulated in dependence of plant characteristics and weather and soil data.

Evaluation of breeding strategies for drought tolerance in potato by means of crop growth simulation

The effect of water stress on plant morphology, production rate and marketable yield is discussed based on the literature. Compared to other species the potato is a drought sensitive plant. The reduction of yield as a result of water stress can be caused by reduced leaf area and/or reduced photosynthesis per unit of leaf area. Water shortage during the tuber bulking period decreases yield to a larger extent than drought during other growth stages. The relationship between the stress parameters relative water content (RWC), leaf water potential (LWP) and stomatal diffusion resistance on the one hand and photosynthesis on the other is discussed. Further it is shown how the amount of water needed by the potato crop depends on climate, soil and plant characters. Finally the effect of water stress on marketable yield and varietal differences to shortage of moisture are discussed.

C. D. van Loon

Papers

The effect of water stress on potato growth, development, and yield