Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and are generally involved in defense against ultraviolet radiation or aggression by pathogens. In the last decade, there has been much interest in the potential health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols as antioxidant. Epidemiological studies and associated meta-analyses strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in plant polyphenols offer protection against development of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we present knowledge about the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of relevance to human health.

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Plant Polyphenols as Dietary Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease

Extraction and analysis of phenolics in food

The rhizosphere is a hot spot of microbial interactions as exudates released by plant roots are a main food source for microorganisms and a driving force of their population density and activities. The rhizosphere harbors many organisms that have a neutral effect on the plant, but also attracts organisms that exert deleterious or beneficial effects on the plant. Microorganisms that adversely affect plant growth and health are the pathogenic fungi, oomycetes, bacteria and nematodes. Most of the soilborne pathogens are adapted to grow and survive in the bulk soil, but the rhizosphere is the playground and infection court where the pathogen establishes a parasitic relationship with the plant. The rhizosphere is also a battlefield where the complex rhizosphere community, both microflora and microfauna, interact with pathogens and influence the outcome of pathogen infection. A wide range of microorganisms are beneficial to the plant and include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, endo- and ectomycorrhizal fungi, and plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi. This review focuses on the population dynamics and activity of soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms. Specific attention is given to mechanisms involved in the tripartite interactions between beneficial microorganisms, pathogens and the plant. We also discuss how agricultural practices affect pathogen and antagonist populations and how these practices can be adopted to promote plant growth and health.

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The rhizosphere: a playground and battlefield for soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms

Phenolics in cereals, fruits and vegetables: Occurrence, extraction and analysis

Significance of flavonoids in plant resistance: a review

Phenolic-storing cells : keys to programmed cell death and periderm formation in wilt disease resistance and in general defence responses in plants?

The Nature of Wilt Diseases of Plants

Fungal wilt diseases of plants , Fungal wilt diseases of plants , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

C.H. Beckman

Papers

Phenolic-storing cells : keys to programmed cell death and periderm formation in wilt disease resistance and in general defence responses in plants?

The Nature of Wilt Diseases of Plants

Fungal Wilt Diseases of Plants

Host Responses to Vascular Infection

Vascular Wilt Diseases of Plants