Biogeochemistry of selenium and its impact on food chain quality and human health

Perspectives in Nutrition is an introductory nutrition text appropriate for the majors and mixed majors nutrition courses. This student-focused text presents the major concepts in nutrition including the body's use of food nutrients and diet planning throughout the life cycle. The text places special emphasis on the application of nutrition principles in everyday life by exploring the health consequences of nutrition practices.

Perspectives in nutrition

Selenium deficiency in total parenteral nutrition.

CHAPTER 1 – The Alimentary System

Model for the amperometric enzyme electrode obtained through digital simulation and applied to the immobilized glucose oxidase system

Extract Until recently, interest in the biology of selenium was focused on its properties as a naturally-occurring poison in plants grazed by stock in certain problem areas, notably in the western states of North America. The geological distribution of soils bearing seleniferous vegetation, the toxicities of various forms of selenium, including those of its inorganic salts, and the treatment and prevention of selenium poisoning have been dealt with in detail by Rosenfeld and Beath (1964), and those aspects will not be considered further in this review.

Selenium-responsive diseases of animals in New Zealand.

Extract In a previous paper (Sinclair and Andrews, 1954), we showed that goitre in new-born lambs from ewes fed thousand-headed kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) was prevented by dosing each ewe during the latter part of pregnancy with potassium iodide at the rate of 140 mg a week for 6weeks. It was pointed out that, while weekly dosing with iodine compounds was impracticable underordinary farming conditions, larger doses, givenat longer intervals and towards the end of pregnancy, might afford an effective and practical method of preventing goitre. The use of iodized licks was also discussed. Under New Zealand conditions, all licks are subject to the disadvantage that many animals will not readily take them, but those containing the commonly-used potassium iodide suffer a special disadvantage because iodine tends to be lost from the mixtures. Because of its greater stability, potassium iodate appeared to be a better choice than potassium iodide as a lick ingredient. Since the iodine in potas...

Prevention of goitre in new-born lambs from kale-fed ewes

Extract In previous publications (Sinclair and Andrews, 1954 and 1958), we discussed the problem of goitre in new-born lambs from ewes fed thousand-headed kale (Brnssica oleracca var. accplzalu). It was found that, under the experimental conditions at Manutuke, there was invariably, to a greater or lesser degree, an incidence of goitre in new-born lambs. In particular, when ewes were fed on kale for as long as 8 weeks before lambing commenced, the disease was severe and neo-natal mortality rates were extremely high. The incidence of goitre was greatly reduced and high death rates were prevented by closing the pregnant ewes with iodine compounds. Although there was no obvious evidence of goitre in the ewes, radio-iodine studies showed that this feed exerted an antithyroid effect in these animals (Wright and Sinclair, 1958).

Failure of mild goitre to influence growth rates in kale-fed weaned lambs

Extract From trials carried out in the North Island of New Zealand and in the Nelson district it was concluded (New Zealand Department of Agriculture, 1954)that cobalt-deficient land should be top-dressed each year at the rate of 5 oz. cobalt sulphate per acre.

E. D. Andrews

Papers

Selenium-responsive diseases of animals in New Zealand.

Prevention of goitre in new-born lambs from kale-fed ewes

Failure of mild goitre to influence growth rates in kale-fed weaned lambs

The effect of cobalt topdressing in preventing cobalt deficiency disease of lambs in Southland.