Elke Cario

TL;DR: The data suggest that IBD may be associated with distinctive changes in selective TLR expression in the intestinal epithelium, implying that alterations in the innate response system may contribute to the pathogenesis of these disorders.

TL;DR: IEC express TLRs that appear to mediate LPS stimulation of specific intracellular signal transduction pathways in IEC, which may play a frontline role in monitoring lumenal bacteria.

TL;DR: Continuous presence of specific bacterial components results in a status of hyporesponsiveness in otherwise reactive IEC, and down-regulation of TLR surface expression and up- regulation of inhibitory Tollip with decreased phosphorylation of IRAK might all contribute to this hyporeSponsiveness.

TL;DR: This study characterize the subcellular distribution of two major TLRs, TLR2 and TLR4, and their ligand-specific dynamic regulation in the model human intestinal epithelial cell line T84, and demonstrates that TLRs are positioned at the apical pole where they are poised to monitor the sensitive balance of the lumenal microbial array.

TL;DR: In vitro studies showed that TNFR2 expression was up-regulated by a cooperative effect of key proinflammatory cytokines in CEC in both human ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, suggesting that TNfr2 may play an important role in colonic inflammation-associated alteration in the intestinal epithelium.