Soil Chemical Analysis

Organizational learning II: Theory, method and practice

Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing, China

Heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: a review.

Over the past few generations, expectations of comfort, cleanliness and convenience have altered radically, but these dramatic changes have largely gone unnoticed. This intriguing book brings together the sociology of consumption and technology to investigate the evolution of these changes, as well the social meaning of the practices themselves. Homes, offices, domestic appliances and clothes play a crucial role in our lives, but not many of us question exactly how and why we perform so many daily rituals associated with them. Showers, heating, air-conditioning and clothes washing are simply accepted as part of our normal, everyday lives, but clearly this was not always the case. When did the daily shower become de rigueur? What effect has air conditioning had on the siesta at one time an integral part of Mediterranean life and culture? This book interrogates the meaning and supposed normality of these practices and draws disturbing conclusions. There is clear evidence supporting the view that routine consumption is controlled by conceptions of normality and profoundly shaped by cultural and economic forces. Shove maintains that habits are not just changing, but are changing in ways that imply escalating and standardizing patterns of consumption. This shrewd and engrossing analysis shows just how far the social meanings and practices of comfort, cleanliness and convenience have eluded us.

Comfort, cleanliness and conveniencethe social organization ofnormality

Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetables in suburban areas of Varanasi, India.

Health risk assessment of heavy metals via dietary intake of foodstuffs from the wastewater irrigated site of a dry tropical area of India

http://www.environmentportal.in/files/Heavy%20metals%20in%20vegetables.pdf

Heavy metals in vegetables collected from production and market sites of a tropical urban area of India

Heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) contamination of vegetables in urban India: A case study in Varanasi

In certain areas of Varanasi city, waste water from Dinapur sewage treatment plant is used for irrigating vegetable plots. We quantified the concentrations of heavy metals, viz. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in soil, vegetables and the waste water used for irrigation. The waste water used for irrigation had the highest concentration of Zn followed by Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu and Cd. Continuous application of waste water for more than 20 years has led to accumulation of heavy metals in the soil. Consequently, concentrations of Cd, Pb and Ni have crossed the safe limits for human consumption in all the vegetables. Percent contribution of fruit vegetables to daily human intake for Cu, Ni, Pb and Cr was higher than that of leafy vegetables, while the reverse was true for Cd and Zn. Target hazard quotient showed health risk to the local population associated with Cd, Pb and Ni contamination of vegetables. Therefore, to reduce the health risk and the extent of heavy metal contamination, steps must be taken for efficient treatment of sewage. Regular monitoring of heavy metals in the vegetables grown in waste water irrigated areas is also necessary.

http://www.environmentportal.in/files/Risk%20assessment%20of%20heavy%20metal%20toxicity.pdf

Fiona Marshall

Papers

Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetables in suburban areas of Varanasi, India.

Health risk assessment of heavy metals via dietary intake of foodstuffs from the wastewater irrigated site of a dry tropical area of India

Heavy metals in vegetables collected from production and market sites of a tropical urban area of India

Heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) contamination of vegetables in urban India: A case study in Varanasi

Risk assessment of heavy metal toxicity through contaminated vegetables from waste water irrigated area of Varanasi, India