http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4146684?pdf=render

Cisplatin in cancer therapy: molecular mechanisms of action

Bevacizumab plus Irinotecan,Fluorouracil,and Leucovorin for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

https://www.farm.ucl.ac.be/Full-texts-FARM/Danhier-2010-2.pdf

To exploit the tumor microenvironment: Passive and active tumor targeting of nanocarriers for anti-cancer drug delivery

Cancers have the ability to develop resistance to traditional therapies, and the increasing prevalence of these drug resistant cancers necessitates further research and treatment development. This paper outlines the current knowledge of mechanisms that promote or enable drug resistance, such as drug inactivation, drug target alteration, drug efflux, DNA damage repair, cell death inhibition, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as how inherent tumor cell heterogeneity plays a role in drug resistance. It also describes the epigenetic modifications that can induce drug resistance and considers how such epigenetic factors may contribute to the development of cancer progenitor cells, which are not killed by conventional cancer therapies. Lastly, this review concludes with a discussion on the best treatment options for existing drug resistant cancers, ways to prevent the formation of drug resistant cancers and cancer progenitor cells, and future directions of study.

/pdf/drug-resistance-in-cancer-an-overview-2tx7001qsj.pdf

Drug Resistance in Cancer: An Overview

Structure and design of polymeric surfactant-based drug delivery systems.

Cell adhesion molecules play a significant role in cancer progression and metastasis. Cell-cell interactions of cancer cells with endothelium determine the metastatic spread. In addition, direct tumor cell interactions with platelets, leukocytes, and soluble components significantly contribute to cancer cell adhesion, extravasation, and the establishment of metastatic lesions. Clinical evidence indicates that heparin, commonly used for treatment of thromboembolic events in cancer patients, is beneficial for their survival. Preclinical studies confirm that heparin possesses antimetastatic activities that lead to attenuation of metastasis in various animal models. Heparin contains several biological activities that may affect several steps in metastatic cascade. Here we focus on the role of cellular adhesion receptors in the metastatic cascade and discuss evidence for heparin as an inhibitor of cell adhesion. While P- and L-selectin facilitation of cellular contacts during hematogenous metastasis is being accepted as a potential target of heparin, here we propose that heparin may also interfere with integrin activity and thereby affect cancer progression. This review summarizes recent findings about potential mechanisms of tumor cell interactions in the vasculature and antimetastatic activities of heparin.

/pdf/cancer-cell-adhesion-and-metastasis-selectins-integrins-and-3gf30wvv5e.pdf

Cancer cell adhesion and metastasis: selectins, integrins, and the inhibitory potential of heparins.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) first attracted attention more than two decades ago as endothelial adhesion receptor with key function for leukocyte recruitment in term of cellular immune response. The early finding of VCAM-1 binding to melanoma cells, and thus a suggested mechanistic contribution to metastatic spread, was the first and for a long time the only link of VCAM-1 to cancer sciences. In the last few years, hallmarked by a growing insight into the molecular understanding of tumorigenicity and metastasis, an impressive variety of VCAM-1 functionalities in cancer have been elucidated. The present review aims to provide a current overview of VCAM-1 relevance for tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and related processes. By illustrating the intriguing role of VCAM-1 in cancer disease, VCAM-1 is suggested as a new and up to now underestimated target in cancer treatment and in clinical diagnosis of malignancies.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ijc.28927

Gerd Bendas

Papers

Cancer cell adhesion and metastasis: selectins, integrins, and the inhibitory potential of heparins.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)—An increasing insight into its role in tumorigenicity and metastasis

VCAM-1 directed immunoliposomes selectively target tumor vasculature in vivo.

Targetability of novel immunoliposomes prepared by a new antibody conjugation technique.

Investigation of the cellular uptake of E-Selectin-targeted immunoliposomes by activated human endothelial cells.