Gregory C. Unruh

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that industrial economies have been locked into fossil fuel-based energy systems through a process of technological and institutional co-evolution driven by path-dependent increasing returns to scale.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the climate policy implications of the arguments made in "Understanding carbon lock-in" (Unruh, 2000), which posited that industrial countries have become locked-into fossil fuel-based energy systems through path dependent processes driven by increasing returns to scale.

TL;DR: A systematic review of carbon lock-in can be found in this article, where the authors characterize the types and causes of carbon-lock-in, or quantitatively assess and evaluate its policy implications.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare EKC models to structural transition models of per capita CO2 emissions and per capita GDP, and find that for the 16 countries which have undergone such a transition, the initiation of the transition correlates not with income levels but with historic events related to the oil price shocks of the 1970s and the policies that followed them.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors extended the arguments surrounding carbon lock-in elaborated in Unruh (Energy Policy 28 (2000) 817; 30 (2002) 317) to countries currently undergoing industrialization.