The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society

The Wretched of the Earth

The End of History and the Last Man

In the present paper a research has been done on the essay ‘Can the Subaltern Speak’ by’ Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’. It has been explained into much simpler language about what the author conveys for better understanding and further references. Also the criticism has been done by various critiques from various sources which is helpful from examination point of view. The paper has been divided into various contexts with an introduction and the conclusions. Also the references has been written that depicts the sources of criticism.

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Can the Subaltern Speak

Time is divided by geologists according to marked shifts in Earth's state. Recent global environmental changes suggest that Earth may have entered a new human-dominated geological epoch, the Anthropocene. Here we review the historical genesis of the idea and assess anthropogenic signatures in the geological record against the formal requirements for the recognition of a new epoch. The evidence suggests that of the various proposed dates two do appear to conform to the criteria to mark the beginning of the Anthropocene: 1610 and 1964. The formal establishment of an Anthropocene Epoch would mark a fundamental change in the relationship between humans and the Earth system.

Defining the Anthropocene

Acknowledgements Introduction: Postcolonialism, Sociology, and the Politics of Knowledge Production PART 1: SOCIOLOGY AND ITS HISTORIOGRAPHY Modernity, Colonialism and the Postcolonial Critique European Modernity and the Sociological Imagination From Modernization to Multiple Modernities: Eurocentrism Redux PART 2: DECONSTRUCTING EUROCENTRISM: CONNECTED HISTORIES The Renaissance and Myths of European Cultural Integrity The French Revolution and Myths of the Modern Nation-State The Industrial Revolution and Myths of Industrial Capitalism Conclusion: Sociology and Social Theory After Postcolonialism: Toward A Connected Historiography References Index

Rethinking Modernity: Postcolonialism and the Sociological Imagination

The traditions of thought associated 1with postcolonialism and decoloniality are long-standing and diverse. Postcolonialism emerged as an intellectual movement consolidating and developing around t...

Postcolonial and decolonial dialogues

The rhetoric of both the Brexit and Trump campaigns was grounded in conceptions of the past as the basis for political claims in the present. Both established the past as constituted by nations that were represented as 'white' into which racialized others had insinuated themselves and gained disproportionate advantage. Hence, the resonant claim that was broadcast primarily to white audiences in each place 'to take our country back'. The politics of both campaigns was also echoed in those social scientific analyses that sought to focus on the 'legitimate' claims of the 'left behind' or those who had come to see themselves as 'strangers in their own land'. The skewing of white majority political action as the action of a more narrowly defined white working class served to legitimize analyses that might otherwise have been regarded as racist. In effect, I argue that a pervasive 'methodological whiteness' has distorted social scientific accounts of both Brexit and Trump's election victory and that this needs to be taken account of in our discussion of both phenomena.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1468-4446.12317

Brexit, Trump, and 'methodological whiteness': on the misrecognition of race and class

Sociology is usually represented as having emerged alongside European modernity. The latter is frequently understood as sociology’s special object with sociology itself a distinctively modern form of explanation. The period of sociology’s disciplinary formation was also the heyday of European colonialism, yet the colonial relationship did not figure in the development of sociological understandings. While the recent emergence of post-colonialism appears to have initiated a reconsideration of understandings of modernity, with the development of theories of multiple modernities, I suggest, however, that this engagement is more an attempt at recuperating the transformative aspect of post-colonialism than engaging with its critiques. In setting out the challenge of post-colonialism to dominant sociological accounts, I will also address ‘missing feminist/queer revolutions’, suggesting that by engaging with post-colonialism there is the potential to transform sociological understandings by opening up a dialogue beyond the simple pluralism of identity claims.

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Sociology and postcolonialism: another 'missing' revolution?

In 2015, students at the University of Cape Town demanded the removal of a statue of Cecil Rhodes, the imperialist, racist business magnate, from their campus. The battle cry '#RhodesMustFall' sparked an international movement calling for the decolonisation of the world's universities. Today, as this movement grows, how will it radically transform the terms upon which universities exist? In this book, students, activists and scholars discuss the possibilities and the pitfalls of doing decolonial work in the home of the coloniser, in the heart of the establishment. Subverting curricula, enforcing diversity, and destroying old boundaries, this is a radical call for a new era of education. Offering resources for students and academics to challenge and resist coloniality inside and outside the classroom, Decolonising the University provides the tools for radical pedagogical, disciplinary and institutional change.

Gurminder K. Bhambra

Papers

Rethinking Modernity: Postcolonialism and the Sociological Imagination

Postcolonial and decolonial dialogues

Brexit, Trump, and 'methodological whiteness': on the misrecognition of race and class

Sociology and postcolonialism: another 'missing' revolution?

Decolonising the University