2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension.

Document reviewers: Guy De Backer (ESC Review Co-ordinator) (Belgium), Anthony M. Heagerty (ESH Review Co-ordinator) (UK), Stefan Agewall (Norway), Murielle Bochud (Switzerland), Claudio Borghi (Italy), Pierre Boutouyrie (France), Jana Brguljan (Slovenia), Hector Bueno (Spain), Enrico G. Caiani (Italy), Bo Carlberg (Sweden), Neil Chapman (UK), Renata Cifkova (Czech Republic), John G. F. Cleland (UK), Jean-Philippe Collet (France), Ioan Mircea Coman (Romania), Peter W. de Leeuw (The Netherlands), Victoria Delgado (The Netherlands), Paul Dendale (Belgium), Hans-Christoph Diener (Germany), Maria Dorobantu (Romania), Robert Fagard (Belgium), Csaba Farsang (Hungary), Marc Ferrini (France), Ian M. Graham (Ireland), Guido Grassi (Italy), Hermann Haller (Germany), F. D. Richard Hobbs (UK), Bojan Jelakovic (Croatia), Catriona Jennings (UK), Hugo A. Katus (Germany), Abraham A. Kroon (The Netherlands), Christophe Leclercq (France), Dragan Lovic (Serbia), Empar Lurbe (Spain), Athanasios J. Manolis (Greece), Theresa A. McDonagh (UK), Franz Messerli (Switzerland), Maria Lorenza Muiesan (Italy), Uwe Nixdorff (Germany), Michael Hecht Olsen (Denmark), Gianfranco Parati (Italy), Joep Perk (Sweden), Massimo Francesco Piepoli (Italy), Jorge Polonia (Portugal), Piotr Ponikowski (Poland), Dimitrios J. Richter (Greece), Stefano F. Rimoldi (Switzerland), Marco Roffi (Switzerland), Naveed Sattar (UK), Petar M. Seferovic (Serbia), Iain A. Simpson (UK), Miguel Sousa-Uva (Portugal), Alice V. Stanton (Ireland), Philippe van de Borne (Belgium), Panos Vardas (Greece), Massimo Volpe (Italy), Sven Wassmann (Germany), Stephan Windecker (Switzerland), Jose Luis Zamorano (Spain).The disclosure forms of all experts involved in the development of these Guidelines are available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelines.

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/162475/1/document.pdf

2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension : The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension

Document reviewers: Hind Beheiry (Sudan), Irina Chazova (Russia), Albertino Damasceno (Mozambique), Anna Dominiczak (UK), Anastase Dzudie (Cameroon), Stephen Harrap (Australia), Hiroshi Itoh (Japan), Tazeen Jafar (Singapore), Marc Jaffe (USA), Patricio Jaramillo-Lopez (Colombia), Kazuomi Kario (Japan), Giuseppe Mancia (Italy), Ana Mocumbi (Mozambique), Sanjeevi N.Narasingan (India), Elijah Ogola (Kenya), Srinath Reddy (India), Ernesto Schiffrin (Canada), Ann Soenarta (Indonesia), Rhian Touyz (UK), Yudah Turana (Indonesia), Michael Weber (USA), Paul Whelton (USA), Xin Hua Zhang, (Australia), Yuqing Zhang (China).

https://repository.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/10394/34842/1/2020%20International%20Society%20of%20Hypertension.pdf

2020 International Society of Hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines

Authors/Task Force Members: Bryan Williams* (ESC Chairperson) (UK), Giuseppe Mancia* (ESH Chairperson) (Italy), Wilko Spiering (The Netherlands), Enrico Agabiti Rosei (Italy), Michel Azizi (France), Michel Burnier (Switzerland), Denis L. Clement (Belgium), Antonio Coca (Spain), Giovanni de Simone (Italy), Anna Dominiczak (UK), Thomas Kahan (Sweden), Felix Mahfoud (Germany), Josep Redon (Spain), Luis Ruilope (Spain), Alberto Zanchetti (Italy), Mary Kerins (Ireland), Sverre E. Kjeldsen (Norway), Reinhold Kreutz (Germany), Stephane Laurent (France), Gregory Y. H. Lip (UK), Richard McManus (UK), Krzysztof Narkiewicz (Poland), Frank Ruschitzka (Switzerland), Roland E. Schmieder (Germany), Evgeny Shlyakhto (Russia), Costas Tsioufis (Greece), Victor Aboyans (France), Ileana Desormais (France)

[2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH)].

In a very significant development for eHealth, broad adoption of Web 2.0 technologies and approaches coincides with the more recent emergence of Personal Health Application Platforms and Personally Controlled Health Records such as Google Health, Microsoft HealthVault, and Dossia. "Medicine 2.0" applications, services and tools are defined as Web-based services for health care consumers, caregivers, patients, health professionals, and biomedical researchers, that use Web 2.0 technologies and/or semantic web and virtual reality approaches to enable and facilitate specifically 1) social networking, 2) participation, 3) apomediation, 4) openness and 5) collaboration, within and between these user groups. The Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) publishes a Medicine 2.0 theme issue and sponsors a conference on "How Social Networking and Web 2.0 changes Health, Health Care, Medicine and Biomedical Research", to stimulate and encourage research in these five areas.

/pdf/medicine-2-0-social-networking-collaboration-participation-56swr0e5zj.pdf

Medicine 2.0: Social Networking, Collaboration, Participation, Apomediation, and Openness

Social support in cyberspace: A content analysis of communication within a Huntington's disease online support group

Summary. Objective. To examine the validity of a scale that uses faces as an indicatorof children’s dental anxiety. Setting. Department of Child Dental Health waiting room, Newcastle Dental Hospital. Subjects and methods. 100 children (aged 3–18 years) completed the Facial ImageScale (FIS) and the Venham Picture Test (VPT) in the dental hospital waiting room. Results. A strong correlation (0·7) was found between the two scales, indicating goodvalidity for the FIS. Findings also showed that a small, but signiﬁcant, number of childrenare anxious in the dental context.Conclusion. The ﬁndings suggest that the FIS is a valid means of assessing child dentalanxiety status in a clinical context. Introduction Dental anxiety in children has been recognized asa problem in patient management for many years.Furthermore, the effects of this anxiety have beenshown to persist into adulthood, which can oftenlead to dental avoidance [1] and the subsequentdeterioration of oral health [2]. It is important thatdentists are able to assess dental anxiety in childpatients as early as possible so that they may identifypatients who are in special need with regards to theirfear. For this purpose, formal assessment measuresare essential. Upon reviewing the literature, it isclear that there are many different assessmentmethods available for this purpose (see Aartman andcolleagues [3,4] for comprehensive reviews). Whenconsidering the usefulness of an assessment measure,however, there are essentially three important factorsto take into account: 1 The validity of the instrument used must be con-sidered. This can be problematic, especially whenthe measure is indirect. For example, the use ofphysiological methods has been criticised on thegrounds that anxiety may be evoked due to the natureof the equipment used, and not because the child isdentally anxious [5]. In addition, projective techniquessuffer from questionable reliability and validity dueto difﬁculties in the interpretation of stories and thestandardization of scoring; 2 The assessment measure must be appropriate foruse with children. Indirect measures overcome thisto a certain degree as they mostly rely on observationsand reactions of the child by others. Techniques thatrely on some form of verbal-cognitive self-report(e.g. questionnaires) can be problematic, however.Questioning children directly about their dental anxietyis reasonably straightforward, but verbal methodsemployed with young children can have limitationsdue to comprehension and intellectual ability [4]; 3 It is important to consider whether an assessmentmeasure is of practical use to the dental practitioner,an issue that is rarely addressed in the literature.Techniques such as projective tests and behaviouralobservation are not designed for everyday use by theclinician. Projective techniques, such as the Children’sDental Fear Picture Test [6], require expertise in carry-ing out interviews and administering (and scoring)tests. Similarly, physiological methods often require

Validation of a Facial Image Scale to assess child dental anxiety.

Accessing dental anxiety online support groups: an exploratory qualitative study of motives and experiences.

BACKGROUND

IVF treatment is usually stressful for patients, but individual differences in emotional response do exist. Differences in the stress response may be related to reproductive outcomes as well as to the development of psychiatric problems. This review collates research exploring which psychosocial factors (e.g. personality traits and coping strategies) are associated with the emotional adjustment of IVF patients. The aim is to reveal what is currently known about risk and protective factors for coping with the stress of IVF treatment and where further enquiry would be most beneficial.
METHODS

The databases, MEDLINE/PUBMED (US National Library of Medicine), PsycINFO (American Psychological Association), Web of Science (Social Sciences Citation Index) and EMbase, were searched from 1978 to September 2012 using relevant key words. All published peer-reviewed studies exploring associations between psychosocial factors and emotional adjustment outcomes were considered for inclusion.
RESULTS

There were 23 studies identified for review. One-third of the psychosocial factors explored were found to be significantly related to emotional adjustment outcome measures. Neuroticism and the use of escapist coping strategies were positively associated with distress by multiple studies. Social support was negatively associated with distress by several studies. A number of other psychosocial variables appear to be associated with distress, including self-criticism, dependency, situation appraisals and attachment style, but these have only been explored by one or two studies at most. There is a paucity of research using positive emotional outcome measures (e.g. well-being, positive affect, happiness or life satisfaction) to quantify emotional adjustment.
CONCLUSIONS

Whilst some psychosocial variables appear to be consistently associated with distress for IVF patients, two-thirds of the variables tested to date do not appear to be associated with emotional adjustment. This review highlights key psychosocial factors to assist the identification of patients at high risk of psychological distress. These findings highlight at least two psychological factors that may be amenable to alteration with psychological or educational interventions. Future work should explore whether experimental manipulation of such psychosocial factors can provide effective stress reduction in this clinical context.

A systematic review of psychosocial factors associated with emotional adjustment in in vitro fertilization patients

The reliable assessment of children's dental anxiety can have many benefits for the dental team, service providers and dental public health practitioners. This study aimed to identify and evaluate self-report measures, which are available to assess children's dental anxiety. Systematic searches of the literature between 1998 and 2011 were conducted to identify relevant studies. The properties of each measure (reliability and validity) were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of dental anxiety. Executing the search strategy generated 498 articles and of these 60 studies met all of the inclusion criteria. Seven 'trait' and two 'state' measures of dental anxiety had been employed to assess children's dental anxiety over the past decade. Reliability and validity estimates for the most widely used measures were good; however, many questionnaires had a limited focus in the aspects of anxiety they assessed. The paper summarizes the measures of children's dental anxiety which may be most useful for a number of different purposes and populations.

Heather Buchanan

Papers

Social support in cyberspace: A content analysis of communication within a Huntington's disease online support group

Validation of a Facial Image Scale to assess child dental anxiety.

Accessing dental anxiety online support groups: an exploratory qualitative study of motives and experiences.

A systematic review of psychosocial factors associated with emotional adjustment in in vitro fertilization patients

Assessing children's dental anxiety: a systematic review of current measures.