The Rise of the Creative Class

Following decades of both planned and market-driven decentralization of cities and city-regions, urban policy makers are now extolling the virtues of the compact city. The model which is held up as a good example is that of the traditional European city which is relatively dense and fine-grained. The model that is no longer considered sustainable (economically and socially as well as environmentally) is the sprawl, strip or edge city, more often than not planned around the automobile. One question is the extent to which this European model of the good city transfers to the UK context. The author would argue that a number of engrained attitudes to city planning (and indeed city life) persist which together might undermine attempts to stimulate more active and culturally confident cities. Nevertheless, if we are to have more active and better cities, we need to know how best to manage, develop and design them. This paper argues that the city is a phenomenon of structured complexity. Good cities tend to be a balance of a reasonably ordered and legible city form, and places of many and varied comings and goings, meetings and transactions. What might appear to some as disorder is very often simply the everyday rhythm of city life. In the absence of such activity, cities can lose their urbanity and eventually become suburban in character. The large part of this paper contains an exposition of the principles of good city form, activity, street life and urban culture. That is to say, urbanity itself. By reference to a number of cities, the intention is to show that it is perfectly possible to plan for and design the active city.

Making a city: Urbanity, vitality and urban design

Creativity and tourism: The State of the Art

Introduction - David Grant et al Organizational Discourse: Exploring the Field PART ONE: DOMAINS OF DISCOURSE Dialogue - Kenneth J Gergen, Mary M Gergen and Frank J Barrett Life and Death of the Organization Narratives, Stories and Texts - Yiannis Gabriel Corporate Rhetoric as Organizational Discourse - George Cheney et al Tropes, Discourse and Organizing - Cliff Oswick, Linda L Putnam and Tom Keenoy PART TWO: METHODS AND PERSPECTIVES Organizational Language in Use - Gail T Fairhurst and Fran[ce]cois Cooren Interaction Analysis, Conversation Analysis and Speech Act Schematics Discourse and Identities - Susan Ainsworth and Cynthia Hardy Interpretivist Approaches to Organizational Discourse - Loizos Th. Heracleous Multi-Levelled, Multi-Method Approaches to Organizational Discourse - Kirsten Broadfoot, Stanley Deetz and Donald Anderson Doing Research in Organizational Discourse - Craig Prichard, Deborah Jones and Ralph Stablein The Importance of Researcher Context Discourse, Power and Ideology - Dennis K Mumby Unpacking the Critical Approach Deconstructing Discourse - Martin Kilduff and Mihaela Kelemen PART THREE: DISCOURSES AND ORGANIZING Gender, Discourse and Organization - Karen Lee Ashcraft Framing a Shifting Relationship Discourse and Power - Cynthia Hardy and Nelson Phillips Organizational Culture and Discourse - Mats Alvesson Tools, Technologies and Organizational Interaction - Christian Heath, Paul Luff and Hubert Knoblauch The Emergence of Workplace Studies Organizational Discourse and New Media - Pablo J Boczkowski and Wanda J Orlikowski A Practice Perspective The Discourse of Globalization and the Globalization of Discourse - Norman Fairclough and Pete Thomas PART FOUR: REFLECTIONS - Barbara Czarniawska, Karl E Weick and Mike Reed Turning to Discourse - Barbara Czarniawska A Bias for Conversation - Karl E Weick Acting Discursively in Organizations Getting Real about Organizational Discourse - Mike Reed

The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Discourse

Culture-led regeneration, as it has come to be known, is now a feature of cities-old and new-as they seek to revive former industrial and waterfront sites and city centres, and establish themselves as competitive cities of culture. At the same time, the rationale for cultural input to area and neighbourhood regeneration has been extended to include quality of life, as well as economic outcomes. The evidence of how far flagship and major cultural projects contribute to a range of regeneration objectives is, however, limited. Measuring the social, economic and environmental impacts attributed to the cultural element in area regeneration is problematic and the 'evidence' is seldom robust. The paper reviews both evidence and the indicators used to measure impacts and concludes with an assessment of how and why gaps in evidence persist.

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Measure for Measure: Evaluating the Evidence of Culture's Contribution to Regeneration

Introduction: Cultural Quarters and Urban Regeneration This paper reviews the concept of the cultural quarter as an approach to urban regeneration. It considers the policy objectives of making such designations, the approach to ‘making’ places which are deemed to be more rather than less artistic and cultural in the broader senses of the word, and the methods and mechanisms for implementation and ongoing management. The paper draws heavily on case studies in describing events as they occurred, and in making comparisons between cultural quarters. The work is published in two parts. Part 1 is a conceptualisation of the term cultural quarter, discussing in broad terms what is meant by this now almostorthodox terminology. This Part draws heavily on the urban literature, especially on theories of city growth, economic development and urban design. It concludes with an idealised typology of what makes for a ‘good’ cultural quarter, presented as a series of necessary conditions and success factors. This is applied and evaluated in more detail in Part 2, which considers four case-study examples drawn from the United Kingdom (UK), Ireland and Australia. In most of the examples referred to in Part 2, planning and development powers have been used to preserve and encourage cultural production and consumption. Moreover, cultural quarters are often seen as part of a larger strategy integrating cultural and economic development. This is usually linked to the redevelopment or regeneration of a selected inner urban area, in which mixed-use urban development is to be encouraged and the public realm is to be reconfigured. In other words, cultural quarters tend to combine strategies for greater consumption of the arts and culture with cultural production and urban place making. Most great cities have identifiable quarters to which artists and cultural entrepreneurs are attracted, whether it is Soho in London, New York’s Lower East Side, or the Left Bank in Paris (Montgomery, 1998). (For a discussion of the links between city development, creativity and special places within cities, see Hall (1998) and Landry (2000).) Such places have a long history and appear

Cultural Quarters as Mechanisms for Urban Regeneration. Part 1: Conceptualising Cultural Quarters

In this article, the author draws on a long experience in research and consultancy in the ‘creative economy’ (which includes initiatives in Manchester and London in the 1980s and 1990s) to reflect ...

Beware ‘the creative class’.creativity and wealth creation revisited

Research using a comparative and international perspective on the management of human resources is examined, drawing on articles published in leading human resource management, management/organizational behaviour and related social science journals between 1977 and 1997. In total a little under 2 per cent of the articles under review focused on the management of human resources in a comparative and international perspective. The largest group of these articles was comparative in nature (44 per cent), followed by those with an international perspective (35 per cent). A smaller number adopted a combined approach (17 per cent) and a few were separately classified as foreign national studies (4 per cent). Over time, there has been some progress made in terms of the number of articles published and the scope of topics covered. However, many of the articles displayed similar shortcomings to those noted in earlier reviews of cross-national management/organization studies: in particular, an over-reliance on a sma...

https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7257&context=lkcsb_research

Running on the spot? A review of twenty years of research on the management of human resources in comparative and international perspective

(1995). Editorial Urban Vitality and the Culture of Cities. Planning Practice & Research: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 101-110.

John Montgomery

Papers

Making a city: Urbanity, vitality and urban design

Cultural Quarters as Mechanisms for Urban Regeneration. Part 1: Conceptualising Cultural Quarters

Beware ‘the creative class’.creativity and wealth creation revisited

Running on the spot? A review of twenty years of research on the management of human resources in comparative and international perspective

Editorial Urban Vitality and the Culture of Cities