John P. Meyer

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a three-component model of organizational commitment, which integrates emotional attachment, identification with, and involvement in the organization, and the normative component refers to employees' feelings of obligation to remain with the organization.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors go beyond the existing distinction between attitudinal and behavioral commitment and argue that commitment, as a psychological state, has at least three separable components reflecting a desire (affective commitment), a need (continuance commitment), and an obligation (normative commitment) to maintain employment in an organization.

TL;DR: This paper conducted meta-analyses to assess relations among affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization and relations between the three forms of commitment and variables identified as their antecedents, correlates, and consequences in Meyer and Allen's (1991) Three-Component Model.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors tested the generalizability of J. P. Meyer and N. J. Allen's (1991) 3-component model of organizational commitment to the domain of occupational commitment.

TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis of cross-study differences in the contributions of work attitudes to the turnover process led to the estimation of six relations among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention/withdrawal cognitions, and turnover turnover using metaanalysis.