다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

The Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

Aquila Optimizer: A novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm

Machine learning methods offer great promise for fast and accurate detection and prognostication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from standard-of-care chest radiographs (CXR) and chest computed tomography (CT) images. Many articles have been published in 2020 describing new machine learning-based models for both of these tasks, but it is unclear which are of potential clinical utility. In this systematic review, we consider all published papers and preprints, for the period from 1 January 2020 to 3 October 2020, which describe new machine learning models for the diagnosis or prognosis of COVID-19 from CXR or CT images. All manuscripts uploaded to bioRxiv, medRxiv and arXiv along with all entries in EMBASE and MEDLINE in this timeframe are considered. Our search identified 2,212 studies, of which 415 were included after initial screening and, after quality screening, 62 studies were included in this systematic review. Our review finds that none of the models identified are of potential clinical use due to methodological flaws and/or underlying biases. This is a major weakness, given the urgency with which validated COVID-19 models are needed. To address this, we give many recommendations which, if followed, will solve these issues and lead to higher-quality model development and well-documented manuscripts. Many machine learning-based approaches have been developed for the prognosis and diagnosis of COVID-19 from medical images and this Analysis identifies over 2,200 relevant published papers and preprints in this area. After initial screening, 62 studies are analysed and the authors find they all have methodological flaws standing in the way of clinical utility. The authors have several recommendations to address these issues.

/pdf/common-pitfalls-and-recommendations-for-using-machine-5gdzsd2e98.pdf

Common pitfalls and recommendations for using machine learning to detect and prognosticate for COVID-19 using chest radiographs and CT scans

The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and its progressively wider impact on many sectors across the society requires an assessment of its effect on sustainable development. Here we analyze published evidence of positive or negative impacts of AI on the achievement of each of the 17 goals and 169 targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We find that AI can support the achievement of 128 targets across all SDGs, but it may also inhibit 58 targets. Notably, AI enables new technologies that improve efficiency and productivity, but it may also lead to increased inequalities among and within countries, thus hindering the achievement of the 2030 Agenda. The fast development of AI needs to be supported by appropriate policy and regulation. Otherwise, it would lead to gaps in transparency, accountability, safety and ethical standards of AI-based technology, which could be detrimental towards the development and sustainable use of AI. Finally, there is a lack of research assessing the medium- and long-term impacts of AI. It is therefore essential to reinforce the global debate regarding the use of AI and to develop the necessary regulatory insight and oversight for AI-based technologies.

/pdf/the-role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-achieving-the-1arvyx4uik.pdf

The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

This paper proposes a novel nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimizer, called Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA), motivated by the hunting behaviour of Crocodiles. Two main steps of Crocodile behaviour are implemented, such as encircling, which is performed by high walking or belly walking, and hunting, which is performed by hunting coordination or hunting cooperation. The mentioned search methods of the proposed RSA are unique compared to other existing algorithms. The performance of the proposed RSA is evaluated using twenty-three classical test functions, thirty CEC2017 test functions, ten CEC2019 test functions, and seven real-world engineering problems. The obtained results of the proposed RSA are compared to various existing optimization algorithms in the literature. The results of the tested three benchmark functions revealed that the proposed RSA achieved better results than the other competitive optimization algorithms. The results of the Friedman ranking test proved that the RSA is a significantly superior method than other comparative methods. Finally, the results of the examined engineering problems showed that the RSA obtained better results compared to other various methods.

Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA): A nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimizer

Graphical abstractDisplay Omitted HighlightsThe comprehensive review of Krill Herd Algorithm as applied to different domain is presented.The review covers the applications, modifications and hybridizations of the KH algorithms.It provides future research directions across different areas. Krill Herd (KH) algorithm is a class of nature-inspired algorithm, which simulates the herding behavior of krill individuals. It has been successfully utilized to tackle many optimization problems in different domains and found to be very efficient. As a result, the studies has expanded significantly in the last 3 years. This paper presents the extensive (not exhaustive) review of KH algorithm in the area of applications, modifications, and hybridizations across these fields. The description of how KH algorithm was used in the approaches for solving these kinds of problems and further research directions are also discussed.

A comprehensive review

Text document (TD) clustering is a new trend in text mining in which the TDs are separated into several coherent clusters, where documents in the same cluster are similar. In this study, a new method for solving the TD clustering problem worked in the following two stages: (i) A new feature selection method using particle swarm optimization algorithm with a novel weighting scheme and a detailed dimension reduction technique are proposed to obtain a new subset of more informative features with low-dimensional space. This new subset is used to improve the performance of the text clustering (TC) algorithm in the subsequent stage and reduce its computation time. The k-mean clustering algorithm is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the obtained subsets. (ii) Four krill herd algorithms (KHAs), namely, (a) basic KHA, (b) modified KHA, (c) hybrid KHA, and (d) multi-objective hybrid KHA, are proposed to solve the TC problem; these algorithms are incremental improvements of the preceding versions. For the evaluation process, seven benchmark text datasets are used with different characterizations and complexities. Results show that the proposed methods and algorithms obtained the best results in comparison with the other comparative methods published in the literature.

Laith Abualigah

Papers

The Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

Aquila Optimizer: A novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm

Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA): A nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimizer

A comprehensive review

Feature Selection and Enhanced Krill Herd Algorithm for Text Document Clustering