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Biopolymer-based hydrogels as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: a review

Recent advances and challenges in designing stimuli-responsive polymers

Chitin, the second most important natural polymer in the world, and its N-deacetylated derivative chitosan, have been identified as versatile biopolymers for a broad range of applications in medicine, agriculture and the food industry. Two of the main reasons for this are firstly the unique chemical, physicochemical and biological properties of chitin and chitosan, and secondly the unlimited supply of raw materials for their production. These polymers exhibit widely differing physicochemical properties depending on the chitin source and the conditions of chitosan production. The presence of reactive functional groups as well as the polysaccharide nature of these biopolymers enables them to undergo diverse chemical modifications. A complete chemical and physicochemical characterization of chitin, chitosan and their derivatives is not possible without using spectroscopic techniques. This review focuses on the application of spectroscopic methods for the structural analysis of these compounds.

/pdf/application-of-spectroscopic-methods-for-structural-analysis-82d20hw0o9.pdf

Application of Spectroscopic Methods for Structural Analysis of Chitin and Chitosan

Application of chitosan and its derivatives as adsorbents for dye removal from water and wastewater: a review.

https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/14013/1/file.pdf

Chitosan derivatives obtained by chemical modifications for biomedical and environmental applications.

Polymers have gained a remarkable place in the biomedical field as materials for the fabrication of various devices and for tissue engineering applications. The initial acceptance or rejection of an implantable device is dictated by the crosstalk of the material surface with the bioentities present in the physiological environment. Advances in microfabrication and nanotechnology offer new tools to investigate the complex signaling cascade induced by the components of the extracellular matrix and consequently allow cellular responses to be tailored through the mimicking of some elements of the signaling paths. Patterning methods and selective chemical modification schemes at different length scales can provide biocompatible surfaces that control cellular interactions on the micrometer and sub-micrometer scales on which cells are organized. In this review, the potential of chemically and topographically structured micro- and nanopolymer surfaces are discussed in hopes of a better understanding of cell-biomaterial interactions, including the recent use of biomimetic approaches or stimuli-responsive macromolecules. Additionally, the focus will be on how the knowledge obtained using these surfaces can be incorporated to design biocompatible materials for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, implants, cell-based biosensors, diagnostic systems, and basic cell biology. The review focusses on the research carried out during the last decade.

/pdf/controlling-cell-behavior-through-the-design-of-polymer-4bz5chrdo7.pdf

Controlling Cell Behavior Through the Design of Polymer Surfaces

https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/12913/1/Biomaterials32_1068_11.pdf

Chitosan/Poly(ɛ-caprolactone) blend scaffolds for cartilage repair

Glass transition and structural relaxation in semi-crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate): a DSC study

In a marine environment, specific proteins are secreted by mussels and used as a bioglue to stick to a surface. These mussel proteins present an unusual amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (known as DOPA). The outstanding adhesive properties of these materials in the sea harsh conditions have been attributed to the presence of the catechol groups present in DOPA. Inspired by the structure and composition of these adhesive proteins, dopamine-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-DN) prepared by carbodiimide chemistry is used to form thin and surface-adherent dopamine films. This conjugate was characterized by distinct techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Multilayer films are developed based on chitosan and HA-DN to form polymeric coatings using the layer-by-layer methodology. The nanostructured films formation is monitored by quartz crystal microbalance. The film surface is characterized by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Water contact angle measurements are also conducted. The adhesion properties are analyzed showing that the nanostructured films with dopamine promote an improved adhesion. In vitro tests show an enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation and viability for the biomimetic films with catechol groups, demonstrating their potential to be used in distinct biomedical applications.

/pdf/nanostructured-polymeric-coatings-based-on-chitosan-and-3jfuy120wz.pdf

Natália M. Alves

Papers

Chitosan derivatives obtained by chemical modifications for biomedical and environmental applications.

Controlling Cell Behavior Through the Design of Polymer Surfaces

Chitosan/Poly(ɛ-caprolactone) blend scaffolds for cartilage repair

Glass transition and structural relaxation in semi-crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate): a DSC study

Nanostructured polymeric coatings based on chitosan and dopamine-modified hyaluronic acid for biomedical applications.