A review of definitions and measures of system resilience

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on transportation infrastructure system performance in disasters Specifically, it reviews those articles appearing in refereed journals, conference proceedings, and technical reports since the late 1990s that provide insights and tools for the assessment of anticipated transportation system performance, along with its management, given the possibility of physical damage resulting from a future hazard event In the considered literature, performance may be gauged under characteristics of risk, vulnerability, reliability, robustness, flexibility, survivability, and resilience, the most common concepts or measures in the literature In addition to providing an archive and synthesis of recent literature on this topic, the approximately 200 articles are classified based on a host of criteria, including applied measure (qualitative or quantitative), conceptual approach, and methodology

Measuring the performance of transportation infrastructure systems in disasters: a comprehensive review

Modeling infrastructure resilience using Bayesian networks

Structural systems are under deterioration due to ageing, mechanical stressors, and harsh environment, among other threats Corrosion and fatigue can cause gradual structural deterioration Moreover, natural and man-made hazards may lead to a sudden drop in the structural performance Inspection and maintenance actions are performed to monitor the structural safety and maintain the performance over certain thresholds However, these actions must be effectively planned throughout the life-cycle of a system to ensure the optimum budget allocation and maximum possible service life without adverse effects on the structural system safety Life-cycle engineering provides rational means to optimise life-cycle aspects, starting from the initial design and construction to dismantling and replacing the system at the end of its service life This paper presents a brief overview of the recent research achievements in the field of life-cycle engineering for civil and marine structural systems and indicates future dire

Life-cycle of structural systems: recent achievements and future directions

Community resilience has been addressed across multiple disciplines including environmental sciences, engineering, sociology, psychology, and economics. Interest in community resilience gained momentum following several key natural and human-caused hazards in the United States and worldwide. To date, a comprehensive community resilience model that encompasses the performance of all the physical and socio-economic components from immediate impact through the recovery phase of a natural disaster has not been available. This paper summarizes a literature review of previous community resilience studies with a focus on natural hazards, which includes primarily models of individual infrastructure systems, their interdependencies, and community economic and social systems. A series of national and international initiatives aimed at community resilience are also summarized in this study. This paper suggests extensions of existing modeling methodologies aimed at developing an improved, integrated understanding of resilience that can be used by policy-makers in preparation for future events.

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State of the research in community resilience: progress and challenges.

Critical infrastructure resilience has become a national priority for the US Department of Homeland Security. Rapid and efficient restoration of service in damaged transportation networks is a key area of focus. The intent of this paper is to formulate a bi-level optimisation model for network recovery and to demonstrate a solution approach for that optimisation model. The lower-level problem involves solving for network flows, while the upper-level problem identifies the optimal recovery modes and sequences, using tools from the literature on multi-mode project scheduling problems. Application and advantages of this method are demonstrated through two examples.

Optimal recovery sequencing for enhanced resilience and service restoration in transportation networks

This paper proposes an approximate dynamic traffic assignment algorithm for the analysis of traffic conditions in large-scale road networks over several days The time-dependent origin-destination trips are assumed to be known A case study for evacuation of the New Orleans metropolitan area prior to the landfall of Hurricane Katrina is presented to test the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed procedure The model results are compared to the traffic counts collected during the evacuation and then further tested by the mesoscopic simulation-based model, DynusT The study shows that the traffic pattern produced by the proposed procedure is a good approximation to traffic count data and that the algorithm provides a good approximation to the computations performed by DynusT

Approximate Solution Procedure for Dynamic Traffic Assignment

Critical infrastructure resilience has become a national priority for the U. S. Department of Homeland Security. System resilience has been studied for several decades in many different disciplines, but no standards or unifying methods exist for critical infrastructure resilience analysis. This report documents the results of a late-start Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project that investigated the identification of optimal recovery strategies that maximize resilience. To this goal, we formulate a bi-level optimization problem for infrastructure network models. In the 'inner' problem, we solve for network flows, and we use the 'outer' problem to identify the optimal recovery modes and sequences. We draw from the literature of multi-mode project scheduling problems to create an effective solution strategy for the resilience optimization model. We demonstrate the application of this approach to a set of network models, including a national railroad model and a supply chain for Army munitions production.

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Optimal recovery sequencing for critical infrastructure resilience assessment.

This paper focuses on scheduling antennas to track satellites using a novel heuristic method. The objectives pursued in developing a schedule are twofold: 1) minimize the priority weighted number of time periods that satellites are not tracked, and 2) equalize the percentage of time each satellite is uncovered. The heuristic method is a population-based local search tailored to the unique characteristics of this problem. In order to validate the performance of the heuristic, bounds are developed using Lagrangian relaxation. The heuristic method and the bounds are applied to several test problems. In all cases, the heuristic identifies a solution that is better than the upper bound and is generally closer (but obviously larger) than the lower bound with about an order of magnitude reduction in computation time. Finally, a comparison with CPLEX 12.7 is provided.

A Heuristic Approach to Satellite Range Scheduling With Bounds Using Lagrangian Relaxation

The construction of a suite of consequence scenarios that is consistent with the joint distribution of damage to a lifeline system is critical to properly estimating regional loss after an earthqua...

Nathanael J. K. Brown

Papers

Optimal recovery sequencing for enhanced resilience and service restoration in transportation networks

Approximate Solution Procedure for Dynamic Traffic Assignment

Optimal recovery sequencing for critical infrastructure resilience assessment.

A Heuristic Approach to Satellite Range Scheduling With Bounds Using Lagrangian Relaxation

Optimization-Based Probabilistic Consequence Scenario Construction for Lifeline Systems