The article proposes a framework for the analysis of identity as produced in linguistic interaction, based on the following principles: (1) identity is the product rather than the source of linguis...

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Identity and interaction: a sociocultural linguistic approach

Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction Knowledge of Language Variation Language and Society Sociolinguistics and the Sociology of Language Methodological Concerns Overview Further Reading Part I: Languages and Communities: 2. Languages, Dialects, and Varieties Language or Dialect? Standardization Regional Dialects Social Dialects Styles, Registers, and Beliefs Further Reading 3. Pidgins and Creoles Lingua Francas Definitions Distribution and Characteristics Origins From Pidgin to Creole and Beyond Further Reading 4. Codes Diglossia Bilingualism and Multilingualism Code-Switching Accommodation Further Reading 5. Speech Communities Definitions Intersecting Communities Networks and Repertoires Further Reading Part II: Inherent Variety: 6. Language Variation Regional Variation The Linguistic Variable Social Variation Data Collection and Analysis Further Reading 7. Some Findings and Issues An Early Study New York City Norwich and Reading A Variety of Studies Belfast Controversies Further Reading 8. Change The Traditional View Some Changes in Progress The Process of Change Further Reading Part III: Words at Work: 9. Words and Culture Whorf Kinship Taxonomies Color Prototypes Taboo and Euphemism Further Reading 10. Ethnographies Varieties of Talk The Ethnography of Speaking Ethnomethodology Further Reading 11. Solidarity and Politeness Tu and Vous Address Terms Politeness Further Reading 12. Talk and Action Speech Acts Cooperation Conversation Further Reading Part IV: Understanding and Intervening: 13. Gender Differences Possible Explanations Further Reading 14. Disadvantage Codes Again African American English Consequences for Education Further Reading 15. Planning Issues A Variety of Situations Further Examples Winners and Losers Further Reading 16. Conclusion References Index

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An Introduction to Sociolinguistics

https://sealinguist.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/silverstein-2003.pdf

Indexical order and the dialectics of sociolinguistic life

Language style is one of the most challenging aspects of sociolinguistic variation. The basic principle of language style is that an individual speaker does not always talk in the same way on all occasions. Style means that speakers have alternatives or choices — a ‘that way’ which could have been chosen instead of a ‘this way’. Speakers talk in different ways in different situations, and these different ways of speaking can carry different social meanings.

Language Style as Audience Design

/pdf/the-development-and-psychometric-properties-of-liwc2015-n5qek2rwxf.pdf

The Development and Psychometric Properties of LIWC2015

Women use linguistic forms associated with the prestige standard more frequently than men. One reason for this is that working-class speech has favourable connotations for male speakers. Favourable attitudes to non-standard speech are not normally expressed, however, and emerge only in inaccurate self-evaluation test responses. Patterns of sex differentiation deviating from the norm indicate that a linguistic change is taking place: standard forms are introduced by middle-class women, non-standard forms by working-class men. (Sociolinguistic variation; linguistic change; women's and men's speech; contextual styles; social class; British English.)

/pdf/sex-covert-prestige-and-linguistic-change-in-the-urban-5ctlrggxsu.pdf

Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban British English of Norwich

One of the chief aims of this work is to investigate the co-variation of phonological and sociological variables. In order to measure this type of correlation, a record was first taken of each occurrence of all the variables in the four contextual styles for each informant. Index scores for each informant in each style could then be developed, and, subsequently, the mean index score for each social group calculated. [The following abbreviations are used in this chapter in relation to the social and stylistic stratification of the variable (ng): LWC — lower working-class; MWC — middle working-class; UWC — upper working-class; LMC — lower middle-class; MMC — middle middle-class; WLS — word lists; RPS — reading passages; FS — formal style; CS — casual style — Eds.] By means of these scores we are able: (i) to investigate the nature of the correlation between realisations of phonological variables and social class, social context, and sex; (ii) to discover which variables are subject to social class differentiation and which to stylistic variation; and (iii) to find out which variables are most important in signalling the social context of some linguistic interaction, or the social class of a speaker.

The Social Differentiation of English in Norwich

The handbook of language variation and change

This work accounts for the influence mutually intelligible dialects of a language have on one another when they come into contact. It examines linguisitic accommodation in face-to-face interaction and treats this phenomenon as crucial to an understanding of longer-term phenomena such as the geographical spread of linguistic features, the development of "interdialect" and the growth of new dialects.

Dialects in contact

Sociolinguistics - language and society language and social class language and ethnic group language and sex language and context language and social interaction language and nation language and geography language and humanity.

Peter Trudgill

Papers

Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban British English of Norwich

The Social Differentiation of English in Norwich

The handbook of language variation and change

Dialects in contact

Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society