The purpose of this paper is to review existing literature at the intersection of resilience and entrepreneurship. It identifies six scholarly conversations, each of which draws on distinct notions of resilience and entrepreneurship. Based on those conversations, shortcomings in the existing literature are discussed and avenues for future research are outlined.,A systematic multi-disciplinary review of 144 papers that are categorized into six scholarly conversations to build the foundation for a critical discussion of each line of inquiry.,This paper identifies six conversations or research streams at the intersection of entrepreneurship and resilience: resilience as traits or characteristics of entrepreneurial firms or individuals, resilience as a trigger for entrepreneurial intentions, entrepreneurial behavior as enhancing organizational resilience, entrepreneurial firms fostering macro-level (regions, communities, economies) resilience, resilience in the context of entrepreneurial failure, and resilience as a process of recovery and transformation. The review revealed these publications imprecisely define constructs and use a limited amount of the extant scholarship on both entrepreneurship and resilience. Future research should take a more holistic approach to explore entrepreneurship and resilience from a multi-level and longitudinal perspective, especially in the context of socio-ecological sustainability.,This paper incorporates insights on resilience and entrepreneurship across academic disciplines to show how future contributions could benefit by incorporating research from other fields. In doing so, it provides a starting point for more nuanced discussions around the interrelationships between the different conversations and the role entrepreneurs can play in promoting a positive, long-term trajectory for a socio-ecological system.

Resilience and entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review

Understanding Enterprise, Entrepreneurship and Small Business

1. Introduction and Overview 2. Edith Elura Tilton Penrose: Life, contribution, and influence 3. Mrs Penrose and Neoclassical Theory 4. The Significance of Penrose's Theory for the Development of Economics 5. Edith Penrose and Economics 6. Hercules and Penrose 7. The Growth of New Ventures: Analysis after Penrose 8. A Theory of the (Growth of the) Transnational Firm: A Penrosean perspective 9. Edith Penrose, Economics, and Strategic Management 10. Edith T. Penrose and Ronald H. Coase on the Nature of the Firm and the Nature of Industry 11. Regional Growth Dynamics: A capabilities perspective 12. Mismatching by Design: Explaining the dynamics of innovative capabilities of the firm with a Penrosean mark 13. Innovation, Profits, and Growth: Penrose and Schumpeter 14. The US Corporate Enterprise and 'The Theory of the Growth of the Firm' 15. Management Competence, Firm Growth, and Economic Progress

The Growth of the Firm: The Legacy of Edith Penrose

Information communication technology (ICT) is driving modern employment creation with networking sites enabling people to interact through innovation. However, ICT uptake and implementation differ ...

Impact of information technology innovation on firm performance in Kenya

The study presented in this paper analyzes the factors influencing the growth rate of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Algeria and explores the extent to which their success or failure depends on the wider business climate. This study also examines different internal factors that may be responsible for the unstable and limited growth ofSMEs. Our research reveals that the growth of SMEs in Algeria is hampered by several interrelated factors, which include business environmental factors that are beyond the SMEs’ control and internal factors of the SMEs. The external factors include the legal and regulatory framework, access to external financing, and human resources capacities. The internal factors comprise entrepreneurial characteristics, management capacities, marketing skills, and technological capacities.

Establishing the Factors Affecting the Growth of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Algeria

Enterprise growth has been studied by researchers for many years. Different terms have been used by different authors to define the stages of an enterprise growth, but the events through which each enterprise passes remain more or less the same. Most of the researchers suggest that each enterprise has to start, then grow while facing various challenges and crises, and finally mature and decline. There are many factors which will contribute to an enterprise's success. There are many precursors also, which will allow an enterprise to move from one stage to another. There are two sets of thought prevailing among researchers; some suggest that the growth path followed by the enterprise is linear or predictable, and others suggest that the growth is fairly opportunistic or unpredictable. The understanding of the growth of an enterprise depends on the definition of what the firm is, how much has it grown, and what it offers to the market? What assets it controls and what is its legal form. It is critical to study how an enterprise manages its growth transitions and what pattern they follow. In this paper, a framework has been designed to study the path followed by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This framework considered the influence of internal and external environmental factor on the growth patterns of SMEs. The paper encompasses literature review on various theories of enterprise growth. It highlights that though there are many studies on the stages of enterprise development, there is a dearth of literature on finding patterns of growth followed by the small and medium enterprises. Also, there is lack of literature on the effect of environmental factors in determining growth path. There is a need of a framework which can help the industry to empirically test enterprise growth patterns under different conditions.

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Firm growth and its determinants

Microcredit institutions have played an important part in income generation activities in developing countries. In India, rotating savings and credit associations (Rosca), a special type of microcredit organisation, largely meets the credit needs of the poor. These organisations also improve the loan repayment habits of the poor borrower. This paper investigates important features of Rosca such as group formation procedures, loan sequencing, peer monitoring, loan repayment, rate of default, etc. It also analyses how Rosca achieves sustainability with low social sanction and policy implications are discussed.

Microcredit for Income Generation: The Role of Rosca

Technology and Innovation for Social Change

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are known for their contribution to the women empowerment and poverty alleviation but it is not clear about the role of gender on the performance of this industry. It is important to explore the representation of both the gender in three levels, namely, decision-making, day-to-day management and implementation of the micro-financial services. This study aims to examine the impact of female board members, female managers and female field officers on the financial and social performance of the MFIs.,The authors have used random effect panel data analysis. The study covers 104 MFIs operating in India. The time period of the analysis is from 2010 to 2014.,The study has shown that as the number of female directors within the board increase there is an increase in cost per borrower. This is an indication that more female clients are being targeted. The increase in number of female managers leads to an increase in the number of active borrowers. The increase in the number of female staff members leads to an increase of operational self-sufficiency and yield of the gross portfolio.,The present study has faced a lot of limitation due to the non-availability of the secondary data on the governance system of the microfinance industry. The study could not be undertaken for an extended period because of the unavailability of data for a long period.,This study has highlighted the role of gender in case of performance of microfinance institutions. The gender diversity at the field level has shown to enhance the financial performance of the MFIs. So, the MFIs should try to bring gender diversity at the operation level.,This study has shown that an increase of woman directors at the board level increase female clients of MFIs. The increase of female managers also enhances number of female clients. So, the gender diversity at the managerial level and director level help MFIs to meet their social performance by reaching to more number of needy female clients.,The gender diversity at the three levels, namely, board level, managerial level and field operation level has not been analyzed in the Indian context. In India MFIs mainly target the female clients so in this context having gender diversity at the three levels of operation of the MFIs, which can improve both the financial and social performance of the MFIs.

Role of gender on the performance of Indian microfinance institutions

India has been implementing Microfinance programmes for the last three decades. The journey from Micro-Credit to Microfinance has been long. Presently formal financial institutions and government and non-government agencies are implementing microfinance programmes all over the country. However, it is found that there is no synergy among these organisations. They are not sharing information about their clientele among themselves. This paper makes an attempt to analyse the impact of an increase in competition among microfinance institutions on the decision of delaying the repayment by their clients.

Samapti Guha

Papers

Firm growth and its determinants

Microcredit for Income Generation: The Role of Rosca

Technology and Innovation for Social Change

Role of gender on the performance of Indian microfinance institutions

Impact of competition on microfinance beneficiaries: evidence from India