The purpose of this study was to determine, by using a spectrophotometer device, the color stability of silorane in comparison with four methacrylate-based composites after being immersed in different staining solutions such as coffee, black tea, red wine, orange juice, and coke, and distilled water as control group. Four restorative methacrylate-based composites (Filtek Z250, TetricEvoCeram, Venus Diamond, and Grandio) and one silorane (FiltekSilorane) of shade A2 were selected to measure their color stability (180 disk samples) after 4 weeks of immersion in six staining solutions: black tea, coffee, red wine, orange juice, coke, and distilled water. The specimen's color was measured each week by means of a spectrophotometer (CIE L*a*b* system). Statistical analysis was carried out performing an ANOVA and LSD Test in order to statistically analyze differences in L*a*b*and ∆E values. All materials showed significant discoloration (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group (immersed in distilled water). The Highest ∆E observed was with red wine, whereas coke led to the lowest one. Silorane showed the highest color stability compared with methacrylate-based composites. Methacrylate-based materials immersed in staining solutions showed lower color stability when compared with silorane. Great differences in ∆E were found among the methacrylate-based materials tested. Although color stability of methacrylate-based composites immersed in staining solutions has been widely investigated, this has not been done for long immersion periods with silorane-based composites.

Color stability of siloranes versus methacrylate-based composites after immersion in staining solutions.

Colour stainability of indirect CAD-CAM processed composites vs. conventionally laboratory processed composites after immersion in staining solutions.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the influence of light sources and immersion media on the color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Conventional halogen, high-power-density halogen and high-power-density light-emitting diode (LED) units were used. There were 4 immersion media: coffee, tea, Coke® and artificial saliva. A total of 180 specimens (10 mm x 2 mm) were prepared, immersed in artificial saliva for 24 h at 37±1oC, and had their initial color measured with a spectrophotometer according to the CIELab system. Then, the specimens were immersed in the 4 media during 60 days. Data from the color change and luminosity were collected and subjected to statistical analysis by the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05). For immersion time, the data were subjected to two-way ANOVA test and Fisher's test (p<0.05). RESULTS: High-power-density LED (ΔE=1.91) promoted similar color stability of the composite resin to that of the tested halogen curing units (Jet Lite 4000 plus - ΔE=2.05; XL 3000 - ΔE=2.28). Coffee (ΔE=8.40; ΔL=-5.21) showed the highest influence on color stability of the studied composite resin. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in color stability regardless of the light sources, and coffee was the immersion medium that promoted the highest color changes on the tested composite resin.

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Composite resin color stability: influence of light sources and immersion media

This study evaluated the influence of beverages and brushing on the surface roughness(SR) and color change(∆E) of a composite resin.For this, 120-disks(10 mm×2 mm) of composite resin(Filtek-Z250) were prepared and polished. Initials SR(Ra-μm) and color(CIELab-system) were measured with rugosimeter and spectrophotometer; specimens were divided into four groups(red wine, soft drink, sugar cane spirit, or artificial saliva=control) and three subgroups(without brushing; brushed with Colgate or with Close-Up). Specimens were immersed in the beverage 5×/day, for 5', over 30 day, being two subgroups brushed(120 strokes/day). Color was measuredat 15th day, 30th day and after repolishment; SR at 30th day. ∆E-values were statistically different after immersion in the beverages(p<0.05). Red wine promoted the highest alteration, followed by soft drink=sugar cane spirit and finally saliva. At 30th day, specimens exhibited ∆E higher than 15th day; after repolishing, ∆E was similar to 15th day. Beverages and brushing negatively influenced the SR. Therefore, ∆E and SR can be influenced by beverages and brushing.

Surface roughness and color change of a composite: influence of beverages and brushing.

Background:
It is beyond doubt that finishing and polishing of a composite restoration enhance its esthetics and, is also essential for the health of the periodontium. A variety of instruments are commonly used for finishing and polishing tooth-colored restorative materials Thus, it is important to understand which type of surface finishing treatments would significantly affect the staining and surface irregularities of the composite resin restoration. Still one of the properties of the composite resins that have to pass the test of time is its color stability. In modern day dentistry, a large emphasis is laid over esthetics. Hence, it is important to understand the various agents capable of adversely affecting the esthetics of a restoration due to its staining capacity. Thus, the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface polishing, oral beverages and food colorants on the color stability and surface roughness of nanocomposite resins.

Evaluation of the Effect of Surface Polishing, Oral Beverages and Food Colorants on Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Nanocomposite Resins

Objectives
The objective of this study was to evaluate the discolouration effects of artificial saliva, granule lemon juice, coffee (without sugar), coca cola, sour cherry juice, fresh carrot juice and red wine on resin-based composite materials that are commonly used in restorative dentistry.

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Influence of different drinks on the colour stability of dental resin composites.

AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) as a result of maxillary incisor intrusion achieved by one of two methods (utility arches or mini-implants). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty subjects were divided into three groups, the first of which underwent maxillary incisor intrusion using utility arches (UA) and a second group, intrusion via mini-implants (MI). The third group acted as a control. An intrusive force of 100 g was applied to the upper incisors in the treatment groups, whereas no force was applied to the anterior teeth in the control group. A laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) was used to measure PBF at baseline (T0) and during incisor intrusion at 24 hours (T1), three days (T2), seven days (T3) and three weeks (T4). Statistical changes in PBF were assessed by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann-Whitney U tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The mean PBF in the UA and MI groups decreased significantly from T0 to T1 (p < 0.001), slightly increased at T2 and continued to increase gradually at T3. PBF attained levels similar to those measured prior to intrusion at T4. No significant changes in PBF were observed in the control group over the course of the study. The only statistically significant difference between the UA and MI groups were at T1 and T2, at which time the MI group had lower PBF values (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Despite slight regressive changes in pulpal tissue observed over the short-term, PBF values tended to return to initial levels within three weeks, indicating that changes observed in PBF with the UA and MI intrusion methods are reversible. Although the changes in PBF could not be directly related to the method of intrusion employed, in general, a more severe drop in PBF was observed in the MI group during the first three days of intrusion.

Comparative evaluation of pulpal blood flow during incisor intrusion

Aim: To compare the cytotoxicity of dentin bonding agents on dental pulp cells through RTCA XCELLigence® impedance method, in order to investigate whether the self-etch adhesive would be more cytotoxic than two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive due to its higher acidity. Materials and Methods: Human dental pulp cells were obtained from healthy third molars extracted during routine clinical treatment. Two self-etching(Tokuyama Bond Force“Tb”;Shofu Beauti Bond“Bb”), and two total-etching(Dentsply PrimeB3M Adper Single Bond“Ab”) dentin-bonding agents(DBA) were diluted serially with culture medium at a ratio of 1:250, 1:500, 1:1000(v:v) and filtered. Cytotoxicity was identified by plating the pulp cells into the disposable E-plate 96 of xCELLigence® system. Results: Except for the 1:1000 dilution of Ab, each dilution of Ab was lower than the cell index of the control group at the 24th, and 48th hours. Furthermore, multiple comparison tests showed statistically significant differences between the control and each dilution of Ab (P = 0.000), except 1:1000 dilution of Ab at the 24th hour (P = 0.126). On the other hand, the cell indexes of 1:1000 dilution of Bb were higher than the cell index of the control at 24th and 48th hours, and there were statistically significant differences between them (P =0,000). At the 48th hour, 1:500 (P = 0.179) and 1:250 (P = 0.003) dilutions of Bb were lower than the control. Conclusion: Among the DBAs we used in our study, total-etch Ab showed the most cytotoxic effect. Conversely, self-etch Bb containing phosphoric acid monomer, showed the least cytotoxic effect. So, it may be more appropriate for clinical practices. Clinical relevance: Despite manufacturers’ claims, not all dentin bonding agents are biocompatible. Two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive may be less biocompatible than self-etch adhesive. Keywords: Human dental pulp cell, cell culture, cytotoxicity, dental bonding agent, xCELLigence® system.

https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1153663

Seyda Ersahan

Papers

Influence of different drinks on the colour stability of dental resin composites.

Comparative evaluation of pulpal blood flow during incisor intrusion

Comparative evaluation of pulpal blood flow during incisor intrusion

Real–time cell analysis of cytotoxicity of dental bonding agents on human dental pulp cells