Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the morphology of the sella turcica and measure its size in cleft and noncleft subjects. Material

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Evaluation of Sella Turcica Shape and Dimensions in Cleft Subjects Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the linear and area dimensions and morphological shape of sella turcica to determine if differences exist due to gender or age and compared with available global data. A total of 183 (113 men and 70 women) Malay subjects who had their computed tomography (CT) scan at the Radiology Department, Hospital University Sains Malaysia (HUSM) for ordinary diagnosis not related to craniofacial deformities. The selected age groups were divided into four groups as children (0-6 years), preadolescents (7-12 years), adolescents (13-20 years) and adults (21-35 years). The images were processed using Mimics V17.0 software. Conventional measurements included three different heights of the sella turcica (anterior, posterior, median), its length, diameter, area and width, measured in relation to the Frankfort reference line (FH). Morphometric methods were used to assess shape. No significant differences in size of the sella were found except at sella height anterior between genders. When age was evaluated, significant differences were found among all age groups. The study found that sella turcica presented with a three different shapes: in a U shape (57.9 %), in a J shape (24.5 %) and shallow (17.5 %). Sella shape and dimensions reported in the current study can be used for discovering Pathological enlargement of the pituitary fossa and may also be helpful in providing reference data in the assessment of racial, gender and age specific variation in Malay population.

Size and Morphology of Sella Turcica in Malay populations: A 3D CT Study

Purpose Based on the evidence of the embryonic origin of the sella turcica and the teeth, this retrospective study evaluated the association between sella turcica bridging and palatal canine impaction in skeletal Class I and Class II orthodontic patients. Methods Sixty-two orthodontic patients with palatally impacted canines and 54 controls with erupted canines (aged 12-25 years) were classified into skeletal Class I and Class II (according to ANB angle and Wits analysis). The length, depth, and diameter of the sella turcica were measured, and the shape was described. The difference in linear dimensions between the study and control groups was calculated using two-way analysis of variance and Student's t-test. The interrelationship of the variables, subject groups, skeletal type, and age, with the linear dimensions of sella turcica, was tested using regression analyses. The association between sella turcica, bridging and palatally impacted canines was determined in skeletal type using a chi-square test. Results Highly significant differences were found in the length, diameter, and depth of the sella turcica between the study sample and the control (P<0.001, P=0.015, P<0.0001, respectively). There was a highly significant frequency of bridging in cases with palatally impacted canines (P<0.0001). An increasing incidence of bridging was found in subjects with palatally impacted canines and skeletal Class I (P<0.0001) and Class II (P=0.044) relationships. Regression analysis showed that the age was significantly related to a change in length (P=0.025), diameter (P<0.0001), and depth (P<0.0001). The normal sella turcica morphology was present in most subjects (56.4%), and no significant association was found in subjects with palatally impacted canines in terms of the shape of the sella turcica. Conclusion Sella turcica bridging is frequently seen in patients with impacted canines. The findings suggest that careful monitoring of canine eruption is required in patients diagnosed with sella turcica bridging at an early age.

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Association of sella turcica bridging with palatal canine impaction in skeletal Class I and Class II.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric analysis of sella turcica in a Turkish population according to gender, age, and dentofacial skeletal type and to investigate the prevalence of sella turcica shapes in different dentofacial skeletal types. Materials and methods: The lateral cephalometric radiographs of 362 patients (145 males, 217 females) were included and grouped by age, gender, and dentofacial skeletal patterns. Linear dimensions of sella turcica, which include the length, height, and diameter, were measured, and the shapes of sella turcica were evaluated. Results: The anatomical variants of the sella turcica in this study were normal morphology (39.0%), followed by pyramidal shape (15.5%), double contour of floor (14.6%), oblique anterior wall (14.4%), irregular dorsum sella (8.6%), and sella turcica bridge (8.0%). Significant differences were found between sella turcica shapes and dentofacial skeletal types (p 0.05). Conclusions: Results from this study showed that the sample had a higher rate of morphological variation (39% normal, 61% other types) in comparison with other populations or ethnic groups. The class III patients had more irregularity (notching) types in the posterior part of the dorsum sella and fewer oblique anterior wall types than the others. Linear dimensions and morphological types of sella turcica in this study can be used as reference for additional investigators, such as radiologists, orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, and neurosurgeons, to interpret and plan surgical procedures involving the sellar region.

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Morphometric analysis of the sella turcica in Turkish individuals with different dentofacial skeletal patterns.

This study represents the morphology and measures the size and shape of the sella turcica in Bangladeshi populace and contrast with accessible global information. A sum of 166 (108men and 58 ladies) Bangladeshi subjects who went through Computed tomography (CT) scan at the Radiology Department were taken. A 3D imaging software (Mimics 11.02 Materialise) was utilized to process the CT images. Morphometric strategies were utilized to evaluate size and shape. The parameters for conventional measurements were three dissimilar sella height (anterior, posterior and median), sella length, diameter and width, where all of them deliberated in relation with Frankfort reference line (FH). Total area of sella turcica also considered. No important contrasts in size of the sella were found between sexes. The study found that sella turcica gave three unique shapes which were considered flat (28.3%), ovoid (48.1%) and circle (23.4%). In another morphological classification sella turcica represent 6 different variations. Those were normal sella (69.2%), oblique anterior wall (4.8%), double contour of sella floor (6.6%), sella turcica bridge (0 %), irregularity (notching) in the posterior part of the dorsum sella (16.2%) and pyramidal shape of dorsum sella (3.0%). Sella shape and measurements reported in the present study can be useful in giving reference information in the orthodontic determination, appraisal and treatment arrangement and evaluation of sex dimorphism in Bangladeshi subjects.

3D CT Study of Morphological Shape and Size of Sella Turcica in Bangladeshi Population

In orthodontic science, diagnosis of facial skeletal type (class I, II, and III) is essential to make the correct treatment plan that is usually expensive and complicated. Sometimes results from analysis of lateral cephalometry radiographies are not enough to discriminate facial skeletal types. In this situation, knowledge about the relationship between the shape and size of the sella turcica and the type of facial skeletal class can help to make a more definitive decision for treatment plan.The present study was designed to investigate this relationship in patients referred to a dental school in Iran.In this descriptive-analytical study, cephalometric radiographies of 90 candidates for orthodontic treatment (44 females and 46 males) with an age range of 14 - 26 years and equal distribution in terms of class I, class II, and class III facial skeletal classification were selected. The shape, length, diameter, and depth of the sella turcica were determined on the radiographs. Linear dimensions were assessed by one-way analysis of variance while the correlation between the dimensions and age was investigated using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Sella turcica had normal morphology in 24.4% of the patients while irregularity (notching) in the posterior part of the dorsum sella was observed in 15.6%, double contour of sellar floor in 5.6%, sella turcica bridge in 23.3%, oblique anterior wall in 20% and pyramidal shape of the dorsum sella in 11.1% of the subjects. In total, 46.7% of class I patients had a normal shape of sella turcica, 23.3% of class II patients had an oblique anterior wall and a pyramidal shape of the dorsum sella, and 43.3% of class III individuals had sella turcica bridge (the greatest values). Sella turcica length was significantly greater in class III patients compared to class II and class I (P < 0.0001). However, depth and diameter of sella turcica were similar in class I, class II, and class III patients. Furthermore, age was significantly correlated to the diameter of sella turcica as greater diameters were observed in older ages (P < 0.04).A significant relationship exists between the type of facial skeletal classification and the shape of the sella turcica; as in class III patients, sella turcica bridge was reported with a higher frequency. Also, sella turcica had a significantly higher length in these patients than in those with class I and class II facial skeletal types.

Shahrzad Shahbeig

Papers

Correlation of Shape and Size of Sella Turcica With the Type of Facial Skeletal Class in an Iranian Group