Estimation of sex from the lower limb measurements of Sudanese adults

Validation of a UHPLC-FLD analytical method for the simultaneous quantification of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin a in rat plasma, liver and kidney

Estimation of stature from diversified hand anthropometric dimensions from Korean population.

Estimation of stature from handprint dimensions in Egyptian population.

Estimation of sex from the upper limb measurements of Sudanese adults

Background Identification of human remains is an imperative element of any medicolegal investigation, and a challenging task for forensic experts and physical anthropologists worldwide. Aim The aim of this study was to determine sex (male/female) by hand dimensions and index and ring finger length ratio in Upper Egyptians. Materials and methods Five hundred students (250 males and 250 females) above age 18 years were examined. Hand length, breadth and hand index (breadth divided by length × 100), as well as index and ring finger ratio were estimated. Results The average hand length was found to be about 1.3 cm greater in males than females. Hand index ⩽40.55 is suggestive of females and >40.55 is suggestive of males. The index and ring finger ratio is found to be higher in females. Index and ring finger ratio ⩽0.976 is suggestive of males, and ratio >0.976 is suggestive of females. Conclusion This study may prove useful to determine the sex of an isolated hand when it is subjected for medicolegal examination.

Determination of sex from hand dimensions and index/ring finger length ratio in Upper Egyptians

A high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector method (HPLC-DAD) was developed and validated for the determination of tramadol in human saliva. Samples of saliva were prepared utilizing liquid–liquid extraction with hexane-ethyl acetate (4:1, v/v). Propranolol was used as an internal standard (IS). The linear range and average recovery of tramadol were 0.25–4.00 μg/mL and 94.70%, respectively. The intra- and inter-assay precisions at low, intermediate and high concentrations were within 1.40–9.79 % and 0.77–3.98%, respectively. Intra- and inter-assay accuracies were within 98.50–107.13% and 100.44–103.89%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine tramadol in saliva concentrations in three healthy volunteers for 24 hours after administration of 100 mg oral doses of tramadol.

https://www.longdom.org/open-access/development-and-validation-of-highperformance-liquid-chromatographydiode-array-detector-2157-7064.1000114.pdf

Development and Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Diode Array Detector Method for the Determination of Tramadol in Human Saliva

Triage in Emergency departments requires emergency doctors to make rapid decisions based on their knowledge and experiences. Triage of patients is critical to patient safety, yet no clear information exists by the utility of initial vital signs and conscious levelin identifying critically ill acutely organophosphate (OP) poisoned patients. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between triage vital signs and conscious level in predicting outcome of acutely organophosphate poisoned patients.A retrospective and prospective study was carried out on 200 patients of acute OP poisoning admitted to the Poison Control Center (PCC), Ain Shams University Hospitals. Information including vital signs and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) on admission after obtaining the permission of the director of PCC and the regional ethics committee was collected from the sheets and computerized data base of the patients, an informed written consent has been obtained from each patient or from his/her caregiver for inclusion in the prospective part of the study. The results were revised, coded and organized for statistical analysis.
The study results revealed 180 (90%) patients discharged and 20 (10%) patients died. The study also showed that 8% of patients had fever, 9.5% had tachycardia, 1.5% had bradycardia, 5% had hypotension, 2% had hypertension, 2.5% had tachypnea and 3.5% showed bradypnea. Also 89% of patients had GCS > 8, while 11% of patients had GCS ≤ 8. The study showed statistically significant difference between discharged and died patients as regards heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, body temperature and GCS.
It could be concluded that heart rate, respiratory rate and coma scale can serve as easily measurable tools for outcome prediction in acutely OP poisoned patients. From the previous results, our study recommends to use these parameters to help emergency physicians to quickly detect poisoned patients with poor outcomes.

https://ajfm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15875_80ca2f2a3c85ef0bafbdc79472ba31a5.pdf

Predictive Value of Triage Vital Signs and Conscious Level for Outcome Evaluation in Acutely Organophosphate Poisoned Patients

Poisoning with Organophosphate (OP) compounds is responsible for great morbidities and mortalities all over the world especially in developing countries including Egypt. Scoring systems have been continuously developed to predict outcomes in patients with severe illness, to improve resource allocation and to assist in clinical decision-making particularly for ICU patients. The quest for biomarkers in relation to OP compound poisoning started quite a long time back but cheap and easily measurable biomarkers having prognostic value is the need of the hour. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, serum amylase and lipase in assessing severity and outcome of acute organophosphorus poisoning.A retrospective and prospective study was carried out on 200 patients of acute OP poisoning admitted to the Poison Control Center (PCC), Ain Shams University Hospitals. Information  after obtaining the permission of the director of PCC and the regional ethics committee was collected from the sheets and computerized data base of the patients, an informed written consent has been obtained from each patient or from his/her caregiver for inclusion in the prospective part of the study. APACHE II and SOFA scores were calculated to each patient admitted and biochemical analysis of serum amylase and lipase were estimated in the prospective part of the study. The results were revised, coded and organized for statistical analysis. The study results revealed 180 (90%) patients discharged and 20 (10%) patients died. The study showed that there were 76% of patients had APACHE II score ≤ 9, while 12.5% of patients had APACHE II score from 10 to 14, there were 8.5% of patients had APACHE II score from 15 to 24 and APACHE II score was > 24 in 3% of patients. SOFA score in 88.5%of patients was ≤ 6, while in 4.5% of patients SOFA score was from 7 to 9 and in 7%of patients SOFA score was > 9. Hyperamylasemia observed in 83.3% of died and 33.3% of died patients had increased lipase. There was significant difference between discharged and died patients as regards APACHE II score, SOFA Score, serum amylase and lipase. It could be concluded that SOFA score, APACHEII score, serum amylase and lipase had a role in assessment of severity of acute organophosphorus poisoning but only SOFA score, APACHEII score and serum amylase could be used as predictors of outcome. SOFA score is more useful in predicting mortality, and easier and simpler than the APACHEII and serum amylase. From the previous results, our study recommends that predictors of outcome (APACHE II score, SOFA score and serum amylase) should be assessed routinely and as early as possible to evaluate the severity, improve the course of management and deciding the pathway of care.

https://ajfm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15876_31557ade3fd78b346459ee2672f6db31.pdf

The Role of APACHE II, SOFA, Serum amylase and Lipase in Assessment of Severity and Outcome of Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning

Background: Organophosphates (OP) with high morbidity and mortality are one of the most common causes of poisoning especially in developing countries. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is often life saving as mortality rate of OP poisoning is still high. The objective of this study is to compare the accuracy of scoring systems (the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score and glasgow coma scale (GCS)) in the prediction of mortality of acute organophosphate poisoning.  Methodology: A retrospective and prospective study was done on 200 patients with acute OP poisoning admitted to the Poison Control Center (PCC), hospitals of Ain Shams University in the period between 1/1/2016 and 31/12/2016. Information was collected from the sheets and computerized data base of the patients. SOFA score, APACHE II score and GCS were calculated to each patient admitted. The results were revised, coded and organized for statistical analysis.  Results: The study results revealed 180 (90%) patients recovered and 20 (10%) patients died. The area under the curve of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) of SOFA score was 0.995, for APACHE II score was 0.986 and compared to GCS was 0.977 with significantly higher SOFA and APACHE II scores in the died patients than in the recovered patients (P <0.001). As regards GCS there was statistically significant difference between recovered and died patients (P <0.001).  Conclusion: It could be concluded that SOFA score, APACHE II score and GCS systems can be used to predict mortality of acute organophosphate poisoning with preference to SOFA score which had the highest accuracy and predictive ability. From the previous results, our study recommends that application of SOFA score, APACHEII score and GCS are good predictors of high mortality in OP intoxicated patients which helps in proper allocation of resources particularly for intensive care unit patients.

https://ajfm.journals.ekb.eg/article_30444_5ac47363c888df4c8730545f53529f98.pdf

Soheir A. Mohamed

Papers

Determination of sex from hand dimensions and index/ring finger length ratio in Upper Egyptians

Development and Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Diode Array Detector Method for the Determination of Tramadol in Human Saliva

Predictive Value of Triage Vital Signs and Conscious Level for Outcome Evaluation in Acutely Organophosphate Poisoned Patients

The Role of APACHE II, SOFA, Serum amylase and Lipase in Assessment of Severity and Outcome of Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning

The Accuracy Comparison of Scoring Systems in the Outcome Prediction of Acute Organophosphate Poisoning