Søren Brunak

TL;DR: The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.

TL;DR: SignalP 4.0 was the best signal-peptide predictor for all three organism types but was not in all cases as good as SignalP 3.0 according to cleavage-site sensitivity or signal- peptide correlation when there are no transmembrane proteins present.

TL;DR: Improvements of the currently most popular method for prediction of classically secreted proteins, SignalP, which consists of two different predictors based on neural network and hidden Markov model algorithms, where both components have been updated.

TL;DR: Three robust clusters (referred to as enterotypes hereafter) are identified that are not nation or continent specific and confirmed in two published, larger cohorts, indicating that intestinal microbiota variation is generally stratified, not continuous.

TL;DR: A new method for the identification of signal peptides and their cleavage sites based on neural networks trained on separate sets of prokaryotic and eukaryotic sequence that performs significantly better than previous prediction schemes and can easily be applied on genome-wide data sets.