EASL-EORTC clinical practice guidelines : management of hepatocellular carcinoma

https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hep.29367

The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

NAFLD is one of the most important causes of liver disease worldwide and will probably emerge as the leading cause of end-stage liver disease in the coming decades, with the disease affecting both adults and children. The epidemiology and demographic characteristics of NAFLD vary worldwide, usually parallel to the prevalence of obesity, but a substantial proportion of patients are lean. The large number of patients with NAFLD with potential for progressive liver disease creates challenges for screening, as the diagnosis of NASH necessitates invasive liver biopsy. Furthermore, individuals with NAFLD have a high frequency of metabolic comorbidities and could place a growing strain on health-care systems from their need for management. While awaiting the development effective therapies, this disease warrants the attention of primary care physicians, specialists and health policy makers.

/pdf/global-burden-of-nafld-and-nash-trends-predictions-risk-2rbbbzfuoo.pdf

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

SUMMARY Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of chronic liver disease, and its worldwide prevalence continues to increase with the growing obesity epidemic. This study assesses the epidemiology of NAFLD in adults based on clinical literature published over the past 30 years. Aim To review epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults based on clinical literature published over the past 30 years. Methods An in-depth search of PubMed (1980–2010) was based on five search terms: ‘nonalcoholic fatty liver disease’ OR ‘non-alcoholic steatohepatitis’ OR ‘fatty liver’ OR ‘steatosis’ AND ‘incidence’ [MeSH Terms] OR ‘prevalence’ [MeSH Terms] OR ‘natural history’. Studies of paediatric cohorts were excluded. Articles were categorised by topic and summarised, noting generalisations concerning their content.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x

Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults.

Changes in the prevalence of the most common causes of chronic liver diseases in the United States from 1988 to 2008.

https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hep.28785

The economic and clinical burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States and Europe.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in lean individuals in the United States.

Changes in the Global Burden of Chronic Liver Diseases From 2012 to 2017: The Growing Impact of NAFLD.

Objective Given significant advances in treatment of viral hepatitis and the growing epidemic of obesity, the burden of the different types of liver diseases in the USA may be changing. Our aim was to assess the shift in the prevalence of different liver disease aetiologies in the USA over the past three decades. Design National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES; cross-sectional 1988–1994 and 1999–2016) were used. Results A total of 58 731 adults from NHANES (1988–2016) were included. Over the study period, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and alcoholic liver disease remained stable: 0.3%–0.4% and 0.8%–1.0%, respectively (p>0.05). The prevalence of chronic hepatitis C decreased nearly twofold: 1.6% in 1988–1994 to 0.9% in 2013–2016 (p=0.03). In contrast, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; by US-Fatty Liver Index) increased from 20.0% (1988–1994) to 28.3% (1999–2004) to 33.2% (2009–2012) and 31.9% (2013–2016) (p Conclusions Over the past 30 years in the USA, NAFLD is the only liver disease with growing prevalence, synchronous with the increasing rates of obesity and T2DM.

https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/69/3/564.full.pdf

Youssef Younossi

Papers

Changes in the prevalence of the most common causes of chronic liver diseases in the United States from 1988 to 2008.

The economic and clinical burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States and Europe.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in lean individuals in the United States.

Changes in the Global Burden of Chronic Liver Diseases From 2012 to 2017: The Growing Impact of NAFLD.

Epidemiology of chronic liver diseases in the USA in the past three decades.