Institution
Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Healthcare•Beijing, China•
About: Beijing Jishuitan Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Beijing, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicine & Fracture fixation. The organization has 2568 authors who have published 2203 publications receiving 26813 citations. The organization is also known as: JST Hospital.
Topics: Medicine, Fracture fixation, Internal fixation, Population, Osteoporosis
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macro-autophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.
Abstract: In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes.
For example, a key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process versus those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process including the amount and rate of cargo sequestered and degraded). In particular, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation must be differentiated from stimuli that increase autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. It is worth emphasizing here that lysosomal digestion is a stage of autophagy and evaluating its competence is a crucial part of the evaluation of autophagic flux, or complete autophagy.
Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. Along these lines, because of the potential for pleiotropic effects due to blocking autophagy through genetic manipulation, it is imperative to target by gene knockout or RNA interference more than one autophagy-related protein. In addition, some individual Atg proteins, or groups of proteins, are involved in other cellular pathways implying that not all Atg proteins can be used as a specific marker for an autophagic process. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
5,187 citations
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Xi'an Jiaotong University1, Huazhong University of Science and Technology2, Fudan University3, China Medical University (PRC)4, Guangzhou Medical University5, Zhejiang University6, Sichuan University7, Capital Medical University8, Peking University9, Peking Union Medical College10, China-Japan Friendship Hospital11, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital12, Tulane University13
TL;DR: Prevalence of spirometry-defined COPD is highly prevalent in the Chinese adult population and prevention and early detection of COPD using spirometry should be a public health priority in China to reduce COPD-related morbidity and mortality.
811 citations
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Zhengzhou University1, Anhui Medical University2, Xinjiang Medical University3, Shihezi University4, Henan University5, Capital Medical University6, Henan University of Science and Technology7, Shandong University8, Inner Mongolia Medical University9, Shantou University10, Sichuan University11, Nanjing Medical University12, Fujian Medical University13, Kunming Institute of Zoology14, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital15, Zhejiang University16, University of Illinois at Chicago17, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey18, Peking University19
TL;DR: A previously unknown susceptibility locus for ESCC is identified: PLCE1 at 10q23, which might regulate cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis and has important biological implications for both ESCC and GCA.
Abstract: Li Dong Wang and colleagues report a genome wide association study for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the Chinese population. They identify two risk loci at PLCE1 and C20orf54.
364 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a series of starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films, denoted SP films, with varying concentrations of citric acid (CA) were solvent cast at 140°C.
313 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a novel citric acid (CA)-glycerol co-plasticized thermoplastic starch (CGTPS) was prepared by melt blending, which exhibits the special characters of partial esterification, low molecular weight and stronger interaction between starch and plasticizers.
311 citations
Authors
Showing all 2592 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Christian Ingvar | 59 | 259 | 12717 |
Ying Wang | 34 | 98 | 8863 |
Federico Canavese | 25 | 173 | 2102 |
Rui Shi | 25 | 39 | 2659 |
Qiang Yuan | 23 | 123 | 2073 |
Chenyu Huang | 22 | 58 | 2010 |
Wei Tian | 21 | 97 | 1792 |
Lin Yang | 21 | 93 | 1433 |
Dafu Chen | 20 | 29 | 1856 |
Andrew R. Thoreson | 20 | 111 | 1626 |
Dafu Chen | 20 | 69 | 1259 |
Crister Ceberg | 20 | 86 | 1396 |
Jin Zhang | 19 | 46 | 1225 |
Hui Zhang | 19 | 66 | 1225 |
Hua Feng | 19 | 64 | 1330 |