Chukyo University

About: Chukyo University is a education organization based out in Nagoya, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Image processing & Robot. The organization has 744 authors who have published 1794 publications receiving 19435 citations. The organization is also known as: Chūkyō Daigaku.

Leadership in Western and Asian countries: Commonalities and differences in effective leadership processes across cultures.

Abstract: While the phenomenon of leadership is widely considered to be universal across cultures, the way in which it is operationalized is usually viewed as culturally specific. Conflicting viewpoints exist in the leadership literature concerning the transferability of specific leader behaviors and processes across cultures. This study explored these conflicting views for managers and professional workers by empirically testing specific hypotheses which addressed the generalizability of leadership behaviors and processes across five nations in North America and Asia. Confirmatory factor analyses provided evidence for conceptual and measurement equivalence for all six leader behaviors employed in the study. The findings showed cultural universality for three leader behaviors (supportive, contingent reward, and charismatic), and cultural specificity for the remaining three leader behaviors (directive, participative, and contingent punishment).

Five Jumps per Day Increase Bone Mass and Breaking Force in Rats

Abstract: The effects of jump training on bone morphological and mechanical properties were investigated in immature bones of female Fischer 344 rats. Five-week-old rats were divided into control or five jump-trained groups comprised of 5-, 10-, 20-, 40-, and 100-jump groups, representing the number of jumps per day. The rats were jump-trained 5 days/week for 8 weeks, and the height of jump was increased to 40 cm progressively. The femur and tibia in the 5-jump group had significantly greater fat-free dry weights per body weight and maximum loads at the fracture tests than those in the control group. The tibia in the 5-jump group also had significantly larger cortical area at the cross-sectional analysis. Although a slight tendency toward increase according to the number of jumps per day was observed, there were few differences in bone morphological and mechanical parameters among the 10-, 20-, and 40-jump groups. The present results indicate that a large number of strains per day is not necessary for bone hypertrophy to develop in rats.

Toward an open shared workspace: computer and video fusion approach of TeamWorkStation

Abstract: Groupware is intended to create a shared workspace that supports dynamic collaboration in a work group over space and time constraints. To gain the collective benefits of groupware use, the groupware must be accepted by a majority of workgroup members as a common tool. Groupware must overcome the hurdle of critical mass.

Increased serum levels of glutamate in adult patients with autism

Abstract: Background Precise mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of autism are currently unknown. Given the major role of glutamate in brain development, we have hypothesized that glutamatergic neurotransmission plays a role in the pathophysiology of autism. In this study, we studied whether amino acids (glutamate, glutamine, glycine, d -serine, and l -serine) related to glutamatergic neurotransmission are altered in serum of adult patients with autism. Methods We measured serum levels of amino acids in 18 male adult patients with autism and age-matched 19 male healthy subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results Serum levels (mean = 89.2 μM, S.D. = 21.5) of glutamate in the patients with autism were significantly ( t = − 4.48, df = 35, p d -serine, l -serine) in the patients with autism did not differ from those of normal controls. There was a positive correlation ( r = 0.523, p = 0.026) between serum glutamate levels and Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised (ADI-R) social scores in patients. Conclusions The present study suggests that an abnormality in glutamatergic neurotransmission may play a role in the pathophysiology of autism.

Plasma cytokine profiles in subjects with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders.

Abstract: Background Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of the immune system is involved in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of the study was to explore immunological markers in peripheral plasma samples from non-medicated subjects with high-functioning ASD. Methodology/Principal Findings A multiplex assay for cytokines and chemokines was applied to plasma samples from male subjects with high-functioning ASD (n = 28) and matched controls (n = 28). Among a total of 48 analytes examined, the plasma concentrations of IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-5, IL-8, IL-12(p70), IL-13, IL-17 and GRO-α were significantly higher in subjects with ASD compared with the corresponding values of matched controls after correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusion/Significance The results suggest that abnormal immune responses as assessed by multiplex analysis of cytokines may serve as one of the biological trait markers for ASD.