Institution
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
Facility•Bamako, Mali•
About: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics is a facility organization based out in Bamako, Mali. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sorghum. The organization has 3041 authors who have published 4441 publications receiving 153723 citations. The organization is also known as: ICRISAT.
Topics: Population, Sorghum, Germplasm, Agriculture, Quantitative trait locus
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of Georgia1, Rutgers University2, United States Department of Energy3, Stanford University4, University of California, Berkeley5, North China University of Science and Technology6, University of Zurich7, Clemson University8, University of Düsseldorf9, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory10, Purdue University11, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics12, Texas A&M University13, Cornell University14, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign15, Mississippi State University16, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering17, United States Department of Agriculture18
TL;DR: An initial analysis of the ∼730-megabase Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench genome is presented, placing ∼98% of genes in their chromosomal context using whole-genome shotgun sequence validated by genetic, physical and syntenic information.
Abstract: Sorghum, an African grass related to sugar cane and maize, is grown for food, feed, fibre and fuel. We present an initial analysis of the approximately 730-megabase Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench genome, placing approximately 98% of genes in their chromosomal context using whole-genome shotgun sequence validated by genetic, physical and syntenic information. Genetic recombination is largely confined to about one-third of the sorghum genome with gene order and density similar to those of rice. Retrotransposon accumulation in recombinationally recalcitrant heterochromatin explains the approximately 75% larger genome size of sorghum compared with rice. Although gene and repetitive DNA distributions have been preserved since palaeopolyploidization approximately 70 million years ago, most duplicated gene sets lost one member before the sorghum-rice divergence. Concerted evolution makes one duplicated chromosomal segment appear to be only a few million years old. About 24% of genes are grass-specific and 7% are sorghum-specific. Recent gene and microRNA duplications may contribute to sorghum's drought tolerance.
2,809 citations
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TL;DR: By understanding the mechanisms of induced resistance, this work can predict the herbivores that are likely to be affected by induced responses and could be exploited as an important tool for the pest management to minimize the amounts of insecticides used for pest control.
Abstract: Plants respond to herbivory through various morphological, biochemicals, and molecular mechanisms to counter/offset the effects of herbivore attack. The biochemical mechanisms of defense against the herbivores are wide-ranging, highly dynamic, and are mediated both by direct and indirect defenses. The defensive compounds are either produced constitutively or in response to plant damage, and affect feeding, growth, and survival of herbivores. In addition, plants also release volatile organic compounds that attract the natural enemies of the herbivores. These strategies either act independently or in conjunction with each other. However, our understanding of these defensive mechanisms is still limited. Induced resistance could be exploited as an important tool for the pest management to minimize the amounts of insecticides used for pest control. Host plant resistance to insects, particularly, induced resistance, can also be manipulated with the use of chemical elicitors of secondary metabolites, which confer resistance to insects. By understanding the mechanisms of induced resistance, we can predict the herbivores that are likely to be affected by induced responses. The elicitors of induced responses can be sprayed on crop plants to build up the natural defense system against damage caused by herbivores. The induced responses can also be engineered genetically, so that the defensive compounds are constitutively produced in plants against are challenged by the herbivory. Induced resistance can be exploited for developing crop cultivars, which readily produce the inducible response upon mild infestation, and can act as one of components of integrated pest management for sustainable crop production.
1,296 citations
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International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics1, CGIAR2, Beijing Genomics Institute3, National Research Council4, Iowa State University5, University of California, Davis6, University of Saskatchewan7, University of Córdoba (Spain)8, University of Georgia9, University of Arizona10, National Center for Genome Resources11, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation12, Indian Council of Agricultural Research13, Curtin University14, University of Queensland15, Goethe University Frankfurt16, University of Western Australia17, University of Copenhagen18
TL;DR: This work reports the ∼738-Mb draft whole genome shotgun sequence of CDC Frontier, a kabuli chickpea variety, which contains an estimated 28,269 genes, and identifies targets of both breeding-associated genetic sweeps and breeding- associated balancing selection.
Abstract: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the second most widely grown legume crop after soybean, accounting for a substantial proportion of human dietary nitrogen intake and playing a crucial role in food security in developing countries. We report the ~738-Mb draft whole genome shotgun sequence of CDC Frontier, a kabuli chickpea variety, which contains an estimated 28,269 genes. Resequencing and analysis of 90 cultivated and wild genotypes from ten countries identifies targets of both breeding-associated genetic sweeps and breeding-associated balancing selection. Candidate genes for disease resistance and agronomic traits are highlighted, including traits that distinguish the two main market classes of cultivated chickpea—desi and kabuli. These data comprise a resource for chickpea improvement through molecular breeding and provide insights into both genome diversity and domestication.
1,014 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) concept is considered for situations where inter-cropping must be compared with growing each crop sole, and a method of calculating an effective LER is proposed to evaluate situations where the yield proportions achieved in intercropping are different from those that might be required by a farmer.
Abstract: Criteria for evaluating different intercropping situations are suggested, and the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) concept is considered for situations where intercropping must be compared with growing each crop sole. The need to use different standardizing sole crop yields in forming LERs is discussed, and a method of calculating an ‘effective LER’ is proposed to evaluate situations where the yield proportions achieved in intercropping are different from those that might be required by a farmer. The possible importance of effective LERs in indicating the proportions of crops likely to give biggest yield advantages is discussed.
942 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present tools and approaches that allow for better understanding, characterization and mapping of the agricultural implications of climate variability and the development of climate risk management strategies specifically tailored to stakeholders needs.
834 citations
Authors
Showing all 3053 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ashok Kumar | 151 | 5654 | 164086 |
Rajeev K. Varshney | 102 | 709 | 39796 |
Arvind Kumar | 85 | 876 | 33484 |
Neil C. Turner | 81 | 335 | 27856 |
Richard W Michelmore | 74 | 245 | 24996 |
Sunil Gupta | 69 | 440 | 33856 |
Vincent Vadez | 68 | 260 | 12526 |
Andreas Graner | 67 | 190 | 19341 |
Bruce M. Campbell | 67 | 227 | 17616 |
M. V. Reddy | 66 | 254 | 15772 |
Nevin D. Young | 65 | 146 | 16699 |
Xin Liu | 63 | 680 | 22868 |
Hans-Peter Piepho | 63 | 518 | 16158 |
Hari D. Upadhyaya | 62 | 360 | 15276 |
John L. Monteith | 58 | 138 | 30024 |