Institution
Kyushu University
Education•Fukuoka, Japan•
About: Kyushu University is a education organization based out in Fukuoka, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 68284 authors who have published 135190 publications receiving 3055928 citations. The organization is also known as: Kyūshū Daigaku.
Topics: Population, Catalysis, Cancer, Gene, Hydrogen
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the natural selection against large insertion/deletion is so weak that a large amount of variation is maintained in a population.
11,521 citations
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TL;DR: The relationship between the two estimates of genetic variation at the DNA level, namely the number of segregating sites and the average number of nucleotide differences estimated from pairwise comparison, is investigated in this article.
Abstract: The relationship between the two estimates of genetic variation at the DNA level, namely the number of segregating sites and the average number of nucleotide differences estimated from pairwise comparison, is investigated. It is found that the correlation between these two estimates is large when the sample size is small, and decreases slowly as the sample size increases. Using the relationship obtained, a statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis is developed. This method needs only the data of DNA polymorphism, namely the genetic variation within population at the DNA level. A simple method of computer simulation, that was used in order to obtain the distribution of a new statistic developed, is also presented. Applying this statistical method to the five regions of DNA sequences in Drosophila melanogaster, it is found that large insertion/deletion (greater than 100 bp) is deleterious. It is suggested that the natural selection against large insertion/deletion is so weak that a large amount of variation is maintained in a population.
11,417 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented, which has a significance of 5.9 standard deviations, corresponding to a background fluctuation probability of 1.7×10−9.
9,282 citations
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TL;DR: Rapid progress that has recently improved the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate TLR signalling is reviewed.
Abstract: One of the mechanisms by which the innate immune system senses the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms is through the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize specific molecular patterns that are present in microbial components. Stimulation of different TLRs induces distinct patterns of gene expression, which not only leads to the activation of innate immunity but also instructs the development of antigen-specific acquired immunity. Here, we review the rapid progress that has recently improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate TLR signalling.
7,906 citations
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TL;DR: A class of metal-free organic electroluminescent molecules in which the energy gap between the singlet and triplet excited states is minimized by design, thereby promoting highly efficient spin up-conversion from non-radiative triplet states to radiative singlet states while maintaining high radiative decay rates.
Abstract: The inherent flexibility afforded by molecular design has accelerated the development of a wide variety of organic semiconductors over the past two decades. In particular, great advances have been made in the development of materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), from early devices based on fluorescent molecules to those using phosphorescent molecules. In OLEDs, electrically injected charge carriers recombine to form singlet and triplet excitons in a 1:3 ratio; the use of phosphorescent metal-organic complexes exploits the normally non-radiative triplet excitons and so enhances the overall electroluminescence efficiency. Here we report a class of metal-free organic electroluminescent molecules in which the energy gap between the singlet and triplet excited states is minimized by design, thereby promoting highly efficient spin up-conversion from non-radiative triplet states to radiative singlet states while maintaining high radiative decay rates, of more than 10(6) decays per second. In other words, these molecules harness both singlet and triplet excitons for light emission through fluorescence decay channels, leading to an intrinsic fluorescence efficiency in excess of 90 per cent and a very high external electroluminescence efficiency, of more than 19 per cent, which is comparable to that achieved in high-efficiency phosphorescence-based OLEDs.
5,297 citations
Authors
Showing all 68546 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Tony Hunter | 175 | 593 | 124726 |
Stanley B. Prusiner | 168 | 745 | 97528 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Stephen J. Elledge | 162 | 406 | 112878 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Andrew White | 149 | 1494 | 113874 |
Junji Tojo | 135 | 878 | 84615 |
Claude Leroy | 135 | 1170 | 88604 |
Georges Azuelos | 134 | 1294 | 90690 |
Susumu Oda | 133 | 981 | 80832 |
Lucie Gauthier | 132 | 679 | 64794 |
Hiroshi Sakamoto | 131 | 1250 | 85363 |
Frank Caruso | 131 | 641 | 61748 |
Kiyotomo Kawagoe | 131 | 1406 | 90819 |
Kozo Kaibuchi | 129 | 493 | 60461 |