Taibah University

About: Taibah University is a education organization based out in Medina, Saudi Arabia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Nonlinear system & Population. The organization has 2947 authors who have published 6795 publications receiving 77065 citations.

Agricultural bio-waste materials as potential sustainable precursors used for activated carbon production: A review

Abstract: A review on the preparation of the activated carbon from agricultural waste material is presented. The physical properties such as proximate and ultimate analysis of agricultural waste material were reviewed. The chemical compositions such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin contents were also discussed. The effects of various parameters on the preparation such as carbonization and activation temperature, time, types of activating agents and impregnation ratio were reviewed. Various physical and chemical processes for the activation of the agricultural residues and their effects on the textural properties such as surface area and pore volume were discussed. The low cost, renewable and relatively less expensive of the agricultural waste were found to be efficiently being converted into wealth. The uses of activated carbon derived from agricultural residues in many fields were evidently proven in the review. The reaction kinetic modeling on the pyrolysis and activation of agricultural wastes were also reviewed.

Ki67 expression in breast cancer. Correlation with prognostic markers and clinicopathological parameters in Saudi patients.

Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate Ki67 immunoexpression pattern in Saudi breast cancer (BC) patients and investigate any possible predictive or prognostic value for Ki67. Methods: This is a retrospective study designed to quantitatively assess the Ki67 proliferative index (PI) in retrieved paraffin blocks of 115 Saudi BC patients diagnosed between January 2005 and March 2015 at the Department of Pathology, King Fahd Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Ki67 PI was correlated with individual and combined immunoprofile data of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) with their clinicopathological parameters. Results: Ki67 immunoreactivity was highly expressed (greater than 25% of the tumor cells were positive) in 85 (73.9%) patients. The Ki67 PI was significantly associated with poor prognostic clinicopathological parameters including old age ( p less than 0.02), high tumor grade ( p less than 0.01), lymph node metastasis ( p less than 0.001), and Her-2/neu positivity ( p less than 0.009). However, the association with ER positivity, PR positivity, tumor size, and lymphovascular invasion were not statistically significant. The Ki67 PI was significantly associated with BC molecular subtypes that were Her2/neu positive (luminal B and HER-2) subtypes compared with the Her2/neu negative (luminal A) subtype ( p less than 0.04). Conclusion: The Ki67 PI is significantly higher in Saudi BC patients comparing with the reported literature. Ki67 PI was highest in the HER-2 and luminal-B molecular subtypes. Along with other prognostic indicators, Ki67 PI may be useful in predicting prognosis and management of Saudi BC patients. Saudi Med J 2016; Vol. 37 (2): 137-141 doi: 10.15537/smj.2016.2.12285 How to cite this article: Elkablawy MA, Albasri AM, Mohammed RA, Hussainy AS, Nouh MM, Alhujaily AS. Ki67 expression in breast cancer . Correlation with prognostic markers and clinicopathological parameters in Saudi patients . Saudi Med J 2016; 37: 137-41.