A dynamic nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 lineages to assist genomic epidemiology.
Andrew Rambaut,Edward C. Holmes,Áine O'Toole,Verity Hill,John T. McCrone,Christopher Ruis,Louis du Plessis,Oliver G. Pybus +7 more
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TLDR
A rational and dynamic virus nomenclature that uses a phylogenetic framework to identify those lineages that contribute most to active spread and is designed to provide a real-time bird’s-eye view of the diversity of the hundreds of thousands of genome sequences collected worldwide.Abstract:
The ongoing pandemic spread of a new human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which is associated with severe pneumonia/disease (COVID-19), has resulted in the generation of tens of thousands of virus genome sequences. The rate of genome generation is unprecedented, yet there is currently no coherent nor accepted scheme for naming the expanding phylogenetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we present a rational and dynamic virus nomenclature that uses a phylogenetic framework to identify those lineages that contribute most to active spread. Our system is made tractable by constraining the number and depth of hierarchical lineage labels and by flagging and delabelling virus lineages that become unobserved and hence are probably inactive. By focusing on active virus lineages and those spreading to new locations, this nomenclature will assist in tracking and understanding the patterns and determinants of the global spread of SARS-CoV-2.read more
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SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape.
William T. Harvey,Alessandro M Carabelli,Ben Jackson,Ravindra K. Gupta,E. Thomson,E. Thomson,Ewan M. Harrison,Ewan M. Harrison,Catherine Ludden,Richard Reeve,Andrew Rambaut,Sharon J. Peacock,David Robertson +12 more
TL;DR: A review of the literature on mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the primary antigen, focusing on their impacts on antigenicity and contextualizing them in the protein structure is presented in this article.
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Estimated transmissibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England.
Nicholas G Davies,Sam Abbott,Rosanna C. Barnard,Christopher I Jarvis,Adam J. Kucharski,James D Munday,Carl A. B. Pearson,Timothy W Russell,Damien C. Tully,Alex D. Washburne,Tom Wenseleers,Amy Gimma,William Waites,Kerry L. M. Wong,Kevin van Zandvoort,Justin D. Silverman,Karla Diaz-Ordaz,Ruth H. Keogh,Rosalind M Eggo,Sebastian Funk,Mark Jit,Katherine E. Atkins,Katherine E. Atkins,W. John Edmunds +23 more
TL;DR: Using a variety of statistical and dynamic modeling approaches, the authors estimate that this variant has a 43 to 90% (range of 95% credible intervals, 38 to 130%) higher reproduction number than preexisting variants, and a fitted two-strain dynamic transmission model shows that VOC 202012/01 will lead to large resurgences of COVID-19 cases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization.
Delphine Planas,David Veyer,Artem Baidaliuk,Isabelle Staropoli,Florence Guivel-Benhassine,Maaran Michael Rajah,Maaran Michael Rajah,Cyril Planchais,Françoise Porrot,Nicolas Robillard,Julien Puech,Matthieu Prot,Floriane Gallais,Pierre Gantner,Aurélie Velay,Julien Le Guen,Najiby Kassis-Chikhani,Dhiaeddine Edriss,Laurent Bélec,Aymeric Sève,Laura Courtellemont,Hélène Péré,Laurent Hocqueloux,Samira Fafi-Kremer,Thierry Prazuck,Hugo Mouquet,Timothée Bruel,Etienne Simon-Loriere,Félix A. Rey,Olivier Schwartz +29 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an infectious strain of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was isolated from an individual with COVID-19 who had returned to France from India.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern in South Africa.
Houriiyah Tegally,Eduan Wilkinson,Marta Giovanetti,Marta Giovanetti,Arash Iranzadeh,Vagner Fonseca,Vagner Fonseca,Jennifer Giandhari,Deelan Doolabh,Sureshnee Pillay,Emmanuel James San,Nokukhanya Msomi,Koleka Mlisana,Anne von Gottberg,Sibongile Walaza,Mushal Allam,Arshad Ismail,Thabo Mohale,Allison J. Glass,Susan Engelbrecht,Gert U. van Zyl,Wolfgang Preiser,Francesco Petruccione,Alex Sigal,Alex Sigal,Diana Hardie,Gert Marais,Nei yuan Hsiao,Stephen N.J. Korsman,Mary-Ann Davies,Lynn Tyers,Innocent Mudau,Denis York,Caroline Maslo,Dominique Goedhals,Shareef Abrahams,Oluwakemi Laguda-Akingba,Arghavan Alisoltani-Dehkordi,Arghavan Alisoltani-Dehkordi,Adam Godzik,Constantinos Kurt Wibmer,B.T. Sewell,José Lourenço,Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara,Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara,Sergei L Kosakovsky Pond,Steven Weaver,Darren P. Martin,Richard J Lessells,Richard J Lessells,Jinal N. Bhiman,Carolyn Williamson,Carolyn Williamson,Tulio de Oliveira,Tulio de Oliveira,Tulio de Oliveira +55 more
TL;DR: A newly arisen lineage of SARS-CoV-2 (designated 501Y.V2) was identified in South Africa after the first wave of the epidemic in a severely affected metropolitan area (Nelson Mandela Bay) that is located on the coast of the Eastern Cape province.
Journal ArticleDOI
Escape from neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants.
Yiska Weisblum,Fabian Schmidt,Fengwen Zhang,Justin DaSilva,Daniel Poston,Julio C. C. Lorenzi,Frauke Muecksch,Magdalena Rutkowska,Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann,Eleftherios Michailidis,Christian Gaebler,Marianna Agudelo,Alice Cho,Zijun Wang,Anna Gazumyan,Melissa Cipolla,Larry L. Luchsinger,Christopher D. Hillyer,Marina Caskey,Davide F. Robbiani,Davide F. Robbiani,Charles M. Rice,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Theodora Hatziioannou,Paul D. Bieniasz,Paul D. Bieniasz +26 more
TL;DR: It is shown that functional SARS-CoV-2 S protein variants with mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain that confer resistance to monoclonal antibodies or convalescent plasma can be readily selected.
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