Journal ArticleDOI
Applied aspects of neonicotinoid uses in crop protection.
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TLDR
New formulations have been developed to optimize the bioavailability of neonicotinoids through improved rain fastness, better retention and spreading of the spray deposit on the leaf surface, combined with higher leaf penetration, which will turn neonic nicotine into the most important chemical class in crop protection within the next few years.Abstract:
Neonicotinoid insecticides comprise seven commercially marketed active ingredients: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, clothianidin and dinotefuran. The technical profiles and main differences between neonicotinoid insecticides, including their spectrum of efficacy, are described: use for vector control, systemic properties and versatile application forms, especially seed treatment. New formulations have been developed to optimize the bioavailability of neonicotinoids through improved rain fastness, better retention and spreading of the spray deposit on the leaf surface, combined with higher leaf penetration. Combined formulations with pyrethroids and other insecticides are also being developed with the aim of broadening the insecticidal spectrum of neonicotinoids and to replace WHO Class I products from older chemical classes. These innovative developments for life-cycle management, jointly with the introduction of generic products, will, within the next few years, turn neonicotinoids into the most important chemical class in crop protection.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of the Status and Global Strategy for Neonicotinoids
TL;DR: The crystal structure of the acetylcholine-binding proteins provides the theoretical foundation for designing homology models of the corresponding receptor ligand binding domains within the nAChRs, a useful basis for virtual screening of chemical libraries and rational design of novel insecticides acting on these practically relevant channels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic insecticides (neonicotinoids and fipronil): trends, uses, mode of action and metabolites
Noa Simon-Delso,Noa Simon-Delso,V. Amaral-Rogers,Luc P. Belzunces,Jean-Marc Bonmatin,Madeleine Chagnon,Craig A. Downs,Lorenzo Furlan,David W. Gibbons,Chiara Giorio,Vincenzo Girolami,Dave Goulson,David P. Kreutzweiser,Christian H. Krupke,Matthias Liess,Elizabeth Y. Long,Melanie McField,Pierre Mineau,Edward A. D. Mitchell,Christy A. Morrissey,D. A. Noome,L. Pisa,Josef Settele,John D. Stark,Andrea Tapparo,H Van Dyck,J. van Praagh,J.P. van der Sluijs,J.P. van der Sluijs,Penelope R. Whitehorn,Martin Wiemers +30 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the global literature explores these risks and show a growing body of evidence that persistent, low concentrations of these insecticides pose serious risks of undesirable environmental impacts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neonicotinoid Pesticide Reduces Bumble Bee Colony Growth and Queen Production
TL;DR: Given the scale of use of neonicotinoid insecticides, it is suggested that they may be having a considerable negative impact on wild bumble bee populations across the developed world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neonicotinoid contamination of global surface waters and associated risk to aquatic invertebrates: A review
Christy A. Morrissey,Pierre Mineau,James H. Devries,Francisco Sánchez-Bayo,Matthias Liess,Michael C. Cavallaro,Karsten Liber +6 more
TL;DR: It appears that environmentally relevant concentrations of neonicotinoids in surface waters worldwide are well within the range where both short- and long-term impacts on aquatic invertebrate species are possible over broad spatial scales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neonicotinoids in bees: a review on concentrations, side-effects and risk assessment
TL;DR: The proposed risk assessment scheme for systemic compounds was shown to be applicable to assess the risk for side-effects of neonicotinoids as it considers the effect on different life stages and different levels of biological organization (organism versus colony).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Resistance of insect pests to neonicotinoid insecticides: current status and future prospects.
Ralf Nauen,Ian Denholm +1 more
TL;DR: Strategies to combat neonicotinoid resistance must take account of the cross-resistance characteristics of these mechanisms, the ecology of target pests on different host plants, and the implications of increasing diversification of the neonicsotinoid market due to a continuing introduction of new molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry and biology of thiamethoxam: a second generation neonicotinoid.
Peter Maienfisch,Max Angst,Franz Brandl,Willi Fischer,Dieter Hofer,Hartmut Kayser,Werner Kobel,Alfred Rindlisbacher,Robert Senn,Adrian Steinemann,Widmer Hansjuerg +10 more
TL;DR: Low use rates, flexible application methods, excellent efficacy, long-lasting residual activity and favourable safety profile make this new insecticide well-suited for modern integrated pest management programmes in many cropping systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resistance of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to insecticides in southern Spain with special reference to neonicotinoids.
Alfred Elbert,Ralf Nauen +1 more
TL;DR: Systemic bioassays using Spanish field populations of B tabaci collected in 1994, 1996 and 1998 indicated an increase, albeit a slow one, in resistance to imidacloprid over this period, and Comparative studies of other neonicotinoids using the same bioassay revealed a high degree of cross-resistance to acetamiprid and thiamethoxam.
Journal ArticleDOI
Baseline determination and detection of resistance to imidacloprid in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)
TL;DR: Adult Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) were tested with imidacloprid in a bioassay method using systemically treated cotton leaves and showed significantly less mortality at the diagnostic dose than the susceptible strains.
Imidacloprid - a new systemic insecticide
TL;DR: The nitroguanidine imidacloprid, 1-[(6-chloro-3pyridinyl)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imid azol-2-amine, is a systemic insecticide as mentioned in this paper.
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Systemic insecticides (neonicotinoids and fipronil): trends, uses, mode of action and metabolites
Noa Simon-Delso,Noa Simon-Delso,V. Amaral-Rogers,Luc P. Belzunces,Jean-Marc Bonmatin,Madeleine Chagnon,Craig A. Downs,Lorenzo Furlan,David W. Gibbons,Chiara Giorio,Vincenzo Girolami,Dave Goulson,David P. Kreutzweiser,Christian H. Krupke,Matthias Liess,Elizabeth Y. Long,Melanie McField,Pierre Mineau,Edward A. D. Mitchell,Christy A. Morrissey,D. A. Noome,L. Pisa,Josef Settele,John D. Stark,Andrea Tapparo,H Van Dyck,J. van Praagh,J.P. van der Sluijs,J.P. van der Sluijs,Penelope R. Whitehorn,Martin Wiemers +30 more