Journal ArticleDOI
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)-based White Matter Mapping in Brain Research: A Review
Yaniv Assaf,Ofer Pasternak +1 more
TLDR
While DTI offers a powerful tool to study and visualize white matter, it suffers from inherent artifacts and limitations and provides an efficient tool for comprehensive, noninvasive, functional anatomy mapping of the human brain.Abstract:
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has become one of the most popular MRI techniques in brain research, as well as in clinical practice. The number of brain studies with DTI is growing steadily and, over the last decade, has produced more than 700 publications. Diffusion tensor imaging enables visualization and characterization of white matter fascicli in two and three dimensions. Since the introduction of this methodology in 1994, it has been used to study the white matter architecture and integrity of the normal and diseased brains (multiple sclerosis, stroke, aging, dementia, schizophrenia, etc.). Although it provided image contrast that was not available with routine MR techniques, unique information on white matter and 3D visualization of neuronal pathways, many questions were raised regarding the origin of the DTI signal. Diffusion tensor imaging is constantly validated, challenged, and developed in terms of acquisition scheme, image processing, analysis, and interpretation. While DTI offers a powerful tool to study and visualize white matter, it suffers from inherent artifacts and limitations. The partial volume effect and the inability of the model to cope with non-Gaussian diffusion are its two main drawbacks. Nevertheless, when combined with functional brain mapping, DTI provides an efficient tool for comprehensive, noninvasive, functional anatomy mapping of the human brain. This review summarizes the development of DTI in the last decade with respect to the specificity and utility of the technique in radiology and anatomy studies.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
MRtrix: Diffusion tractography in crossing fiber regions
TL;DR: This methodology is shown to provide superior delineations of a number of known white matter tracts, in a manner robust to crossing fiber effects, and has been compiled into a software package, called MRtrix, which has been made freely available for use by the scientific community.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution for improved analysis of multi-shell diffusion MRI data
TL;DR: The aim of this study is to incorporate support for multi-shell data into the CSD approach as well as to exploit the unique b-value dependencies of the different tissue types to estimate a multi-tissue ODF.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigating the prevalence of complex fiber configurations in white matter tissue with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging.
TL;DR: More robust estimates of the proportion of affected voxels, the number of fiber orientations within each WM voxel, and the impact on tensor‐derived analyses are provided, using large, high‐quality diffusion‐weighted data sets, with reconstruction parameters optimized specifically for this task.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging findings in mild traumatic brain injury
Martha E. Shenton,Martha E. Shenton,Hesham M. Hamoda,Hesham M. Hamoda,Jason S. Schneiderman,Sylvain Bouix,Ofer Pasternak,Yogesh Rathi,M.-A. Vu,Maulik P. Purohit,Maulik P. Purohit,Maulik P. Purohit,Karl G. Helmer,Inga K. Koerte,Alexander P. Lin,Carl-Fredrik Westin,Ron Kikinis,Marek Kubicki,Robert S. Stern,Ross Zafonte +19 more
TL;DR: It is believed that the enhanced sensitivity of newer and more advanced neuroimaging techniques for identifying areas of brain damage in mTBI will be important for documenting the biological basis of postconcussive symptoms, which are likely associated with subtle brain alterations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Free water elimination and mapping from diffusion MRI.
TL;DR: It is suggested that free water is not limited to the borders of the brain parenchyma; it therefore contributes to the architecture surrounding neuronal bundles and may indicate specific anatomical processes.
References
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Microstructural and physiological features of tissues elucidated by quantitative-diffusion-tensor MRI
Peter J. Basser,Carlo Pierpaoli +1 more
TL;DR: Quantitative-diffusion-tensor MRI consists of deriving and displaying parameters that resemble histological or physiological stains, i.e., that characterize intrinsic features of tissue microstructure and microdynamics that are objective, and insensitive to the choice of laboratory coordinate system.
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Three-dimensional tracking of axonal projections in the brain by magnetic resonance imaging.
TL;DR: It is shown that neuronal pathways in the rat brain can be probed in situ using high‐resolution three‐dimensional diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and a newly designed tracking approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vivo fiber tractography using DT-MRI data
TL;DR: Fiber tract trajectories in coherently organized brain white matter pathways were computed from in vivo diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT‐MRI) data, and the method holds promise for elucidating architectural features in other fibrous tissues and ordered media.