Journal ArticleDOI
Everything You Wanted to Know About the Blockchain: Its Promise, Components, Processes, and Problems
TLDR
The blockchain is a public ledger that works like a log by keeping a record of all transactions in chronological order, secured by an appropriate consensus mechanism and providing an immutable record.Abstract:
In 2008, the emergence of the blockchain as the foundation of the first-ever decentralized cryptocurrency not only revolutionized the financial industry but proved a boon for peer-to-peer (P2P) information exchange in the most secure, efficient, and transparent manner. The blockchain is a public ledger that works like a log by keeping a record of all transactions in chronological order, secured by an appropriate consensus mechanism and providing an immutable record. Its exceptional characteristics include immutability, irreversibility, decentralization, persistence, and anonymity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Privacy preservation in blockchain based IoT systems: Integration issues, prospects, challenges, and future research directions
TL;DR: The privacy issues caused due to integration of blockchain in IoT applications by focusing over the applications of the authors' daily use are discussed, and implementation of five privacy preservation strategies in blockchain-based IoT systems named as anonymization, encryption, private contract, mixing, and differential privacy are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things: Research Issues and Challenges
Mohamed Amine Ferrag,Makhlouf Derdour,Mithun Mukherjee,Abdelouahid Derhab,Leandros A. Maglaras,Helge Janicke +5 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of the existing blockchain protocols for the Internet of Things (IoT) networks is presented in this article, where the authors provide a classification of threat models, which are considered by blockchain protocols in IoT networks, into five main categories, namely identity-based attacks, manipulation based attacks, cryptanalytic attacks, reputation based attacks and service based attacks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things: Research Issues and Challenges
Mohamed Amine Ferrag,Makhlouf Derdour,Mithun Mukherjee,Abdelouahid Derhab,Leandros A. Maglaras,Helge Janicke +5 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of the existing blockchain protocols for the Internet of Things (IoT) networks and a side-by-side comparison of the state-of-the-art methods toward secure and privacy-preserving blockchain technologies with respect to the blockchain model.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Blockchain-Based Smart Contract System for Healthcare Management
TL;DR: This research is supported by the Employment Based Postgraduate Program of the Irish Research Council (IRC) Project ID: EBPPG/2015/185 and partially funded under the SFI Strategic Partnership Program by Science Foundation Ireland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blockchain Applications for Industry 4.0 and Industrial IoT: A Review
TL;DR: This paper comprehensively review existing blockchain applications in Industry 4.0 and IIoT settings, and presents the current research trends in each of the related industrial sectors, as well as successful commercial implementations of blockchain in these relevant sectors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Byzantine Generals Problem
TL;DR: The Albanian Generals Problem as mentioned in this paper is a generalization of Dijkstra's dining philosophers problem, where two generals have to come to a common agreement on whether to attack or retreat, but can communicate only by sending messengers who might never arrive.
Book ChapterDOI
The Byzantine generals problem
TL;DR: In this article, a group of generals of the Byzantine army camped with their troops around an enemy city are shown to agree upon a common battle plan using only oral messages, if and only if more than two-thirds of the generals are loyal; so a single traitor can confound two loyal generals.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Practical Byzantine fault tolerance
Miguel Castro,Barbara Liskov +1 more
TL;DR: A new replication algorithm that is able to tolerate Byzantine faults that works in asynchronous environments like the Internet and incorporates several important optimizations that improve the response time of previous algorithms by more than an order of magnitude.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends
TL;DR: An overview of blockchain architechture is provided and some typical consensus algorithms used in different blockchains are compared and possible future trends for blockchain are laid out.