Journal ArticleDOI
Lipid Disorders in Diabetes Mellitus and Current Management
TLDR
Treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) effectively reduces LDL-c and cardiac events, and that was associated with moderately increases in HDL-c, and the combination of ezetimibe with a statin helps to achieve LDL- c target in patients with unsatisfactory cholesterol lowering by statin alone.Abstract:
Lipid disorders are common in diabetes mellitus (DM), and play crucial roles in the development of diabetic cardiovascular complications. Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, increased levels of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL), and decreased levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. The activity of lipoprotein lipase is reduced in diabetic patients, which attenuates the lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and the uptake of free fatty acids. The increased uptake of triglycerides in liver promotes the production of VLDL. Hypertriglyceridemia promotes the exchange of cholesteryl ester from HDL to VLDL or LDL for triglycerides. Obesity or nephropathy deteriorates the dyslipidemia in DM patients. The initial management of lipid disorders in diabetic patients without cardiovascular disease is lifestyle intervention and glucose control. The abnormalities in the metabolism of LDL or HDL in diabetic patients often require pharmacological intervention. Target of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) is more restrict in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic subjects. Treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) effectively reduces LDL-c and cardiac events, and that was associated with moderately increases in HDL-c. The combination of ezetimibe with a statin helps to achieve LDL-c target in patients with unsatisfactory cholesterol lowering by statin alone. Fibrates (PPAR-α agonists) or PPAR-γ agonists reduce the levels of triglycerides and moderately elevate HDL-c. PPAR-γ agonists also improve insulin sensitivity. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors may dramatically increase HDL-c. Lipid management has been considered as an effective approach to reduce cardiovascular risk in diabetes.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Boron containing compounds as protease inhibitors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: Beyond Blood Pressure and Lipids
TL;DR: The biological basis of the link between diabetes and CVD, from defects in the vasculature to the cellular and molecular mechanisms specific to insulin-resistant states and hyperglycemia are reviewed.
Journal Article
Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP): A marker of cardiovascular disease.
Shabnam Niroumand,Mohammad Khajedaluee,Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan,Maryam Abrishami,Mohammadreza Juya,Gholamhasan Khodaee,Maliheh Dadgarmoghaddam +6 more
TL;DR: AIP can be used as a regular monitoring index of CVD in every day practice, especially in persons with other cardiovascular risk factors, according to this cross-sectional study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Setaria italica seeds in STZ diabetic rats.
TL;DR: Findings demonstrate that the aqueous extract of S. italica seeds have excellent antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and thus have great potential as a source for natural health products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia.
TL;DR: It is indicated that AIP is associated with other CVD risk factors and modification of lifestyle is strongly recommended.