Journal ArticleDOI
Mycotoxins as human carcinogens—the IARC Monographs classification
TLDR
The present article summarizes the carcinogenic hazard assessments of those mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1), fumonisins (fumonisin B1 and B2) and ochratoxin A (OTA).Abstract:
Humans are constantly exposed to mycotoxins (e.g. aflatoxins, ochratoxins), mainly via food intake of plant and animal origin. The health risks stemming from mycotoxins may result from their toxicity, in particular their carcinogenicity. In order to prevent these risks, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon (France)-through its IARC Monographs programme-has performed the carcinogenic hazard assessment of some mycotoxins in humans, on the basis of epidemiological data, studies of cancer in experimental animals and mechanistic studies. The present article summarizes the carcinogenic hazard assessments of those mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1), fumonisins (fumonisin B1 and B2) and ochratoxin A (OTA). New information regarding the genotoxicity of OTA (formation of OTA-DNA adducts), the role of OTA in oxidative stress and the identification of epigenetic factors involved in OTA carcinogenesis-should they indeed provide strong evidence that OTA carcinogenicity is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in humans-could lead to the reclassification of OTA.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Occurrence, Toxicity, and Analysis of Major Mycotoxins in Food
Ahmad Alshannaq,Jae-Hyuk Yu +1 more
TL;DR: Six mycotoxins are regularly found in food, posing unpredictable and ongoing food safety problems worldwide, and the toxicity of the six, foods commonly contaminated by one or more of them are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in Occurrence, Importance, and Mycotoxin Control Strategies: Prevention and Detoxification in Foods.
TL;DR: The purpose of the review is to elaborate on the recent advances regarding the occurrence of main mycotoxins in many types of important agricultural products, as well as the methods of inactivation and detoxification of foods from mycotoxin in order to reduce or fully eliminate them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Common Nutritional Components, in Feed and Food.
TL;DR: This review focused on the common obstacles and peculiarities that each analyte offers (during the sample treatment or the chromatographic separation) throughout the implementation of said methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deoxynivalenol and its masked forms: Characteristics, incidence, control and fate during wheat and wheat based products processing - A review
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah,Ligia Manoel Martins,Aline Morgan von Hertwig,Rachel Bertoldo,Anderson S. Sant'Ana +4 more
TL;DR: The proposed controls at pre- and post-harvest stages seem to comprise the most efficient strategies to manage the incidence of DON in wheat and wheat-based products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fusarium Molds and Mycotoxins: Potential Species-Specific Effects.
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize the toxicological responses of the main species affected by Fusarium mycotoxins.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.
TL;DR: Recognition of the widespread applicability of these concepts will increasingly affect the development of new means to treat human cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
The hallmarks of cancer.
TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.
Journal ArticleDOI
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
TL;DR: This timely monograph is a distillation of knowledge of hepatitis B, C and D, based on a review of 1000 studies by a small group of scientists, and it is concluded that hepatitis D virus cannot be classified as a human carcinogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Frequent deletions and down-regulation of micro- RNA genes miR15 and miR16 at 13q14 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
George A. Calin,Calin Dan Dumitru,Masayoshi Shimizu,Roberta Bichi,Simona Zupo,Evan Noch,Hansjuerg Aldler,Sashi Rattan,Michael J. Keating,Kanti R. Rai,Laura Z. Rassenti,Thomas J. Kipps,Massimo Negrini,Florencia Bullrich,Carlo M. Croce +14 more
TL;DR: Detailed deletion and expression analysis shows that miR15 and miR16 are located within a 30-kb region of loss in CLL, and that both genes are deleted or down-regulated in the majority (≈68%) of CLL cases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human microRNA genes are frequently located at fragile sites and genomic regions involved in cancers
George A. Calin,Cinzia Sevignani,Calin Dan Dumitru,Terry Hyslop,Evan Noch,Sai Yendamuri,Masayoshi Shimizu,Sashi Rattan,Florencia Bullrich,Massimo Negrini,Massimo Negrini,Carlo M. Croce +11 more
TL;DR: These data provide a catalog of miR genes that may have roles in cancer and argue that the full complement of miRs in a genome may be extensively involved in cancers.