Journal ArticleDOI
NOM increase in Northern European source waters: discussion of possible causes and impacts on coagulation/contact filtration processes
TLDR
In this article, a significant increase in the content of natural organic matter (NOM) has been observed in several surface water sources in Norway during the past 10-12 years.Abstract:
A significant increase in the content of natural organic matter (NOM) has been observed in several surface water sources in Norway during the past 10-12 years. Similar observations are reported also from test sites in Europe and North America. Water works in the southern part of Norway have experienced a doubling and in some cases even a tripling of source water color levels during the last decade. Other important characteristics of NOM, e.g. the specific UV absorption (SUVA), have changed as well. The change in raw water quality increases the required NOM removal capacity in water treatment, and significantly affects treatment process selection, design and operation. However, the operational impacts on water treatment processes are poorly quantified. This paper addresses the observed NOM increase in parts of Europe and North America. Although the reasons are not fully understood or identified, possible causes are presented and discussed. Factors like climate change or variability, especially alteration in precipitation patterns and land-use, as well as reductions in anthropogenic sulfur loadings seem relevant. From pilot testing on relevant raw waters, major operational impacts of increasing NOM and SUVA levels on coagulation-contact filtration processes are identified and quantified. As an illustration, an increase in raw water color from 20 to 35 mg Pt L-1 increased the required coagulant dose, sludge production, number of backwashes per day and residual TOC by 64%, 64%, 87%, and 26%, respectively. In addition, hydraulic capacity and filter run time decreased by 10% and 47%, respectively.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
An overview of the methods used in the characterisation of natural organic matter (NOM) in relation to drinking water treatment
Annu Matilainen,Egil T. Gjessing,Tanja Lahtinen,Leif Hed,Amit Bhatnagar,Mika Sillanpää,Mika Sillanpää +6 more
TL;DR: A review of the methods used for characterisation and quantification of NOM in relation to drinking water treatment can be found in this paper, where a number of methods have been proposed for NOM removal with varying degrees of success.
Journal ArticleDOI
Removal of natural organic matter from drinking water by advanced oxidation processes.
TL;DR: An overview of the recent research studies dealing with AOP methods for the removal of NOM and related compounds from drinking water is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
First Experiences in Mapping Lake Water Quality Parameters with Sentinel-2 MSI Imagery
TL;DR: Preliminary results allow us to assume that Sentinel-2 will be a valuable tool for lake monitoring and research, especially taking into account that the data will be available routinely for many years, the imagery will be frequent, and free of charge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thirty-five years of synchrony in the organic matter concentrations of Swedish rivers explained by variation in flow and sulphate
Martin Erlandsson,Ishi Buffam,Jens Fölster,Hjalmar Laudon,Johan Temnerud,Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer,Kevin Bishop +6 more
TL;DR: Increasing concentrations of organic matter ( OM) in surface waters have been noted over large parts of the boreal/nemoral zone in Europe and North America as mentioned in this paper, which has raised questions about the caus...
Journal ArticleDOI
Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of natural organic matter from drinking water sources: A comprehensive review.
TL;DR: Recent research and development studies conducted on the application of AOPs to degrade NOM including UV and/or ozone-based applications, different Fenton processes and various heterogeneous catalytic and photocatalytic oxidative processes are presented.
References
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Recovery from acidification of lakes in Finland, Norway and Sweden 1990–1999
TL;DR: In the Nordic countries, sulphur deposition has decreased by about 60% since the early 1980s as mentioned in this paper, with only a minor decrease in the late 1990s, which was most probably the result of climatic variations.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical trends at lakes and streams in the UK Acid Waters Monitoring Network, 1988-2000: Evidence for recent recovery at a national scale
Chris D. Evans,Don Monteith +1 more
TL;DR: A detailed trend analysis of 12 years of data (1988-2000) for 22 surface waters in acid-sensitive regions of the United Kingdom, in which individual site data have been combined to identify national-scale trends, has shown strong common patterns of temporal variation as mentioned in this paper.
Book ChapterDOI
Will an increased greenhouse impact in Fennoscandia give rise to more humic and coloured lakes
TL;DR: In this article, a large-scale increase in the discharge of humic material in rivers, as well as a darkening of Swedish lakes during the last 15 years, are illustrated and discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Key site variables governing the functional characteristics of Dissolved Natural Organic Matter (DNOM) in Nordic forested catchments
Rolf D. Vogt,Jarkko Akkanen,Dag O. Andersen,Rainer Brüggemann,Bimal Chatterjee,Egil T. Gjessing,Jussi V. K. Kukkonen,Håkon Larsen,Jörg Luster,Andrea Paul,Stephan Pflugmacher,Mike Starr,Christian E. W. Steinberg,Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin,Ádám Zsolnay +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extracted and evaluated key catchment characteristics explaining the main variation in properties of dissolved natural organic matter (DNOM) in surface waters draining each catchment.