Journal ArticleDOI
Reverse-time migration using the Poynting vector
Kwangjin Yoon,Kurt J. Marfurt +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors present several tactics to avoid artefacts in shot-domain reverse-time migration, such as muting of a shot gather before migration, or wavefront migration which performs correlation only within a time window following first arriving travel times, are useful in suppressing artefacts.Abstract:
Recently, rapid developments in computer hardware have enabled reverse-time migration to be applied to various production imaging problems. As a wave-equation technique using the two-way wave equation, reverse-time migration can handle not only multi-path arrivals but also steep dips and overturned reflections. However, reverse-time migration causes unwanted artefacts, which arise from the two-way characteristics of the hyperbolic wave equation. Zero-lag cross correlation with diving waves, head waves and back-scattered waves result in spurious artefacts. These strong artefacts have the common feature that the correlating forward and backward wavefields propagate in almost the opposite direction to each other at each correlation point. This is because the ray paths of the forward and backward wavefields are almost identical. In this paper, we present several tactics to avoid artefacts in shot-domain reverse-time migration. Simple muting of a shot gather before migration, or wavefront migration which performs correlation only within a time window following first arriving travel times, are useful in suppressing artefacts. Calculating the wave propagation direction from the Poynting vector gives rise to a new imaging condition, which can eliminate strong artefacts and can produce common image gathers in the reflection angle domain.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
An effective imaging condition for reverse-time migration using wavefield decomposition
TL;DR: In this paper, a correlation-based imaging condition was proposed to eliminate low-frequency, high-amplitude noises commonly seen in a typical RTM image, which can seriously contaminate the signals in the image if they are not handled properly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polarity reversal correction for elastic reverse time migration
Qizhen Du,Yitong Zhu,Jing Ba +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, a sign factor is introduced to represent the polarity distribution of the S-wave component, which can be computed using the energy flux density vector to improve the quality of the migration events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seismic imaging in and around salt bodies
Ian F. Jones,Ian Davison +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the geology of salt bodies and the problems and pitfalls associated with their imaging such as complex raypaths, seismic velocity anisotropy, P- and S-wave mode conversions, and reflected refractions are considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vector-based elastic reverse time migration
Wenlong Wang,George A. McMechan +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new 2D migration context for isotropic, elastic reverse time migration was created, which included decomposition of the elastic source and receiver wavefields into P- and S-wave vectors by decoupled elastodynamic extrapolation, which retained the same stress and particle velocity components as the input data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Local vertical seismic profiling (VSP) elastic reverse-time migration and migration resolution: Salt-flank imaging with transmitted P-to-S waves
Xiang Xiao,W. Scott Leaney +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a vertical seismic profiling (VSP) local elastic reverse-time-migration (RTM) method was proposed for salt-flank imaging by transmitted P-to-S waves.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reverse time migration
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the alternative of carrying out the migration through a reverse time extrapolation, which may offer improvements over existing migration methods, especially in cases of steeply dipping structures with strong velocity contrasts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Migration by extrapolation of time‐dependent boundary values*
TL;DR: In this article, a finite-difference solution of the two-dimensional acoustic wave equation is proposed to migrate an observed zero-offset wavefield as the solution of a boundary value problem in which the data are extrapolated backward in time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Angle-domain common-image gathers by wavefield continuation methods
Paul Sava,Sergey Fomel +1 more
TL;DR: This work presents a method for computing angle-domain common-image gathers from seismic images obtained by depth migration using wavefield continuation, which amounts to a radial-trace transform in the Fourier domain and is equivalent to a slant stack in the space domain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forward modeling by a Fourier method
Dan Kosloff,Edip Baysal +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a pseudospectral forward-modeling algorithm for solving the two-dimensional acoustic wave equation is presented, which utilizes a spatial numerical grid to calculate spatial derivatives by the fast Fourier transform.
Journal ArticleDOI
The pseudospectral method: Comparisons with finite differences for the elastic wave equation
TL;DR: The pseudospectral method has been used recently by several investigators for forward seismic modeling as discussed by the authors, in two different ways: as a limit of finite differences of increasing orders, and by trigonometric interpolation.