Review of Vortices in Wildland Fire
TLDR
The current state of knowledge of the interaction of wildland fire and vortices is examined and reviewed in this paper, where a basic introduction to vorticity is given, and the two common vortex forms in Wildland fire are analyzed: fire whirls and horizontal roll vortice.Abstract:
Vortices are almost always present in the wildland fire environment and can sometimes interact with the fire in unpredictable ways, causing extreme fire behavior and safety concerns. In this paper, the current state of knowledge of the interaction of wildland fire and vortices is examined and reviewed. A basic introduction to vorticity is given, and the two common vortex forms in wildland fire are analyzed: fire whirls and horizontal roll vortices. Attention is given to mechanisms of formation and growth and how this information can be used by firefighters.read more
Citations
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Defining Extreme Wildfire Events: Difficulties, Challenges, and Impacts
Fantina Tedim,Vittorio Leone,Malik Amraoui,Christophe Bouillon,Michael R. Coughlan,Giuseppe Mariano Delogu,Paulo Fernandes,Carmen Ferreira,Sarah McCaffrey,Tara K. McGee,Joana Parente,Douglas Paton,Mário Pereira,Luís Mário Ribeiro,Domingos Xavier Viegas,Gavriil Xanthopoulos +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a definition of Extreme Wildfire Events (EWE) as a process and an outcome, based on literature review and using a transdisciplinary approach, and presented a proposal of wildfire classification with seven categories based on measurable fire spread and behavior parameters and suppression difficulty.
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Atmospheric interactions with wildland fire behaviour – II. Plume and vortex dynamics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed scientific literature from 100 years of research addressing interactions between the atmosphere and fire behavior, focusing on the interaction between the fuels burning at any instant and the atmosphere.
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Limitations on the accuracy of model predictions of wildland fire behaviour: A state-of-the-knowledge overview
E AlexanderMartin,G CruzMiguel +1 more
TL;DR: This paper will serve as a state-of-the-art primer on the subject of error sources in model predictions of wildland fire behaviour and includes a short historical overview of wild land fire behaviour research as it relates to model development.
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Wildland firefighter safety zones: A review of past science and summary of future needs
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of wildland firefighter safety zone guidelines based on studies that assume flat terrain, radiant heating, finite flame width, constant flame temperature and high flame emissivity.
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From fire whirls to blue whirls and combustion with reduced pollution
TL;DR: In this paper, a transition from a pool fire, to a fire whirl, and then to a previously unobserved state, a "blue whirl" is shown, which is smaller, very stable, and burns completely blue as a hydrocarbon flame.
References
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