Scaling Up MIMO: Opportunities and Challenges with Very Large Arrays
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Citations
What Will 5G Be
Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications for 5G Cellular: It Will Work!
Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems
Energy and Spectral Efficiency of Very Large Multiuser MIMO Systems
Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless Networks: Potentials and Challenges
References
Regression Shrinkage and Selection via the Lasso
Regularization and variable selection via the elastic net
De-noising by soft-thresholding
Ridge regression: biased estimation for nonorthogonal problems
Least angle regression
Related Papers (5)
Frequently Asked Questions (17)
Q2. What is the common assumption among the signal processing, communications and information theory communities?
It is common within the signal processing, communications and information theory communities to assume that the transmit and receive antennas are isotropic and unipolarized electromagnetic wave radiators and sensors, respectively.
Q3. What is the effect of coupling cancellation on the gain of a MIMO array?
implementing practical matching circuits will introduce ohmic losses, which reduces the gain that is achievable from coupling cancellation [18].
Q4. What is the effect of devoting more power to the training phase?
If the pilot transmissions are staggered so that pilots in one cell collide with data in other cells, devoting more power to the training phase is indeed beneficial.
Q5. What is the main problem for random step and tree-based methods?
For random step and tree-based methods, the main problem is to obtain a good list of candidate q-vectors for approximate LLR evaluation, where all bits should take the values 0 and 1 at least once.
Q6. Why is coupling compensation a topic of current interest?
coupling compensation is a topic of current interest, much driven by the desire of implementing MIMO arrays in a compact volume, such as mobile terminals (see [18] and references therein).
Q7. What is the Shannon theory for a point-to-point MIMO link?
Channel model: A point-to-point MIMO link consists of a transmitter having an array of nt antennas, a receiver having an array of nr antennas, with both arrays connected by a channel such that every receive antenna is subject to the combined action of all transmit antennas.
Q8. What is the fading coefficient of the antenna array?
By assumption, the antenna array is sufficiently compact that all of the propagation paths for a particular terminal are subject to the same large scale fading.
Q9. What is the effect of mutual coupling on the capacity of fixed arrays?
In general, it is found that mutual coupling has a substantial impact on capacity as the number of antennas is increased for a fixed array aperture.
Q10. How many narrow band realizations are there?
In total the authors consider an ensemble of 100 snapshots (taken from a continuous movement of the user antenna along a 5-10 m line) and 161 frequency points, giving us in total 16100 narrow-band realizations.
Q11. What is the performance that can be imagined?
The best performance that can be imagined will result if all the channel energy to terminal k is delivered to terminal k without any inter-user interference.
Q12. What is the reason for the significant power loss in the correlation only case?
This is attributed to the significant power loss through coupling and impedance mismatch, which is not modeled in the correlation only case.
Q13. What is the fading coefficient of the k-th columnvector?
Thus the k-th columnvector of H describes the small scale fading between the k-th terminal and the M antennas, while the k-th diagonal element of D1/2β is the large scale fading coefficient.
Q14. What is the effect of coupling on the antenna spacing?
coupling induces a larger difference between the antenna patterns (i.e., angle diversity) over this range of antenna spacing, which helps to reduce correlation.
Q15. What is the complete MIMO signal model with antennas and matching circuit?
The complete Single-User MIMO (SU-MIMO) signal model with antennas and matching circuit in Figure 3 (reproduced from [23]) is used to demonstrate the performance degradation resulting from correlation and mutual coupling in very large arrays with fixed apertures.
Q16. What is the way to achieve a full rank propagation channel matrix?
Under certain reasonable assumptions and favorable propagation conditions, it will, however, still be possible to create a full rank propagation channel matrix (16) where all the eigenvalues have large magnitudes and show a stable behavior.
Q17. Does it provide any specific information on the behavior of mc?
Even though Figure 4 demonstrates that both coupling and correlation are detrimental to the capacity performance of very large MIMO arrays relative to the IID case, it does not provide any specific information on the behavior of Ĝmc.