Journal ArticleDOI
Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis
L. B. Guo,R. M. Gifford +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the influence of land use changes on soil carbon stocks was reviewed and a meta-analysis of these data from 74 publications was conducted, which indicated that soil C stocks decline after land use change from pasture to plantation (−10%), native forest to plantations (−13), native forests to crop (−42), and pasture to crop (+59%), while the reverse process usually increased soil carbon and vice versa.Abstract:
The effects of land use change on soil carbon stocks are of concern in the context of international policy agendas on greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. This paper reviews the literature for the influence of land use changes on soil C stocks and reports the results of a meta analysis of these data from 74 publications. The meta analysis indicates that soil C stocks decline after land use changes from pasture to plantation (−10%), native forest to plantation (−13%), native forest to crop (−42%), and pasture to crop (−59%). Soil C stocks increase after land use changes from native forest to pasture (+ 8%), crop to pasture (+ 19%), crop to plantation (+ 18%), and crop to secondary forest (+ 53%). Wherever one of the land use changes decreased soil C, the reverse process usually increased soil carbon and vice versa. As the quantity of available data is not large and the methodologies used are diverse, the conclusions drawn must be regarded as working hypotheses from which to design future targeted investigations that broaden the database. Within some land use changes there were, however, sufficient examples to explore the role of other factors contributing to the above conclusions. One outcome of the meta analysis, especially worthy of further investigation in the context of carbon sink strategies for greenhouse gas mitigation, is that broadleaf tree plantations placed onto prior native forest or pastures did not affect soil C stocks whereas pine plantations reduced soil C stocks by 12–15%.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Use of U.S. Croplands for Biofuels Increases Greenhouse Gases Through Emissions from Land-Use Change
Tim Searchinger,Ralph E. Heimlich,Richard A. Houghton,Fengxia Dong,Amani Elobeid,Jacinto F. Fabiosa,Simla Tokgoz,Dermot J. Hayes,Tun-Hsiang Yu +8 more
TL;DR: This article found that corn-based ethanol, instead of producing a 20% savings, nearly doubled greenhouse emissions over 30 years and increased greenhouse gases for 167 years, by using a worldwide agricultural model to estimate emissions from land-use change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture
Pete Smith,Daniel Martino,Zucong Cai,Daniel Gwary,H. Henry Janzen,Pushpam Kumar,Bruce A. McCarl,Stephen M. Ogle,Frank P. O'Mara,Charles W. Rice,Bob Scholes,O D Sirotenko,Mark Howden,Tim A. McAllister,Genxing Pan,V. Romanenkov,Uwe A. Schneider,Sirintornthep Towprayoon,Martin Wattenbach,Jo Smith +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, the economic potential of agricultural practices, such as water and rice management, set-aside, land use change and agroforestry, livestock management and manure management, is estimated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deep soil organic matter—a key but poorly understood component of terrestrial C cycle
TL;DR: In this article, the authors synthesize literature concerning the sources, composition, mechanisms of stabilisation and destabilization of soil organic matter (SOM) stored in subsoil horizons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate-smart soils
Keith Paustian,Johannes Lehmann,Stephen M. Ogle,David S. Reay,G. Philip Robertson,Pete Smith +5 more
TL;DR: ‘state of the art’ soil greenhouse gas research is highlighted, mitigation practices and potentials are summarized, gaps in data and understanding are identified and ways to close such gaps are suggested through new research, technology and collaboration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modelling the role of agriculture for the 20th century global terrestrial carbon balance
Alberte Bondeau,P. C. Smith,Sönke Zaehle,Sibyll Schaphoff,Wolfgang Lucht,Wolfgang Cramer,Dieter Gerten,Hermann Lotze-Campen,Christoph Müller,Markus Reichstein,Benjamin Smith +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model of the managed planetary land surface, LPJmL, which simulates biophysical and biogeochemical processes as well as productivity and yield of the most important crops worldwide, using a concept of crop functional types (CFTs).
References
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Book
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of organic matter in soil using NMR Spectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis, showing that organic matter is composed of nitrogen and ammonium.
Journal ArticleDOI
The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the association of soil organic carbon (SOC) content with climate and soil texture at different soil depths, and tested the hypothesis that vegetation type, through patterns of allocation, is a dominant control on the vertical distribution of SOC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil carbon sequestration and land‐use change: processes and potential
Wilfred M. Post,K. C. Kwon +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the essential elements of what is known about soil organic matter dynamics that may result in enhanced soil carbon sequestration with changes in land-use and soil management are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence
C. A. Cambardella,E.T. Elliott +1 more
TL;DR: The POM fraction was isolated by dispersing the soil in 5 g L-1 hexametaphosphate and passing the dispersed soil samples through a 53-micrometer sieve as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil carbon pools and world life zones
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of 2,700 soil profiles, organized on a climate basis using the Holdridge life-zone classification system, indicates relationships between soil carbon density and climate, a major soil forming factor.
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