Journal ArticleDOI
The Airborne Transmission of Infection in Hospital Buildings: Fact or Fiction?
TLDR
This paper investigates the airborne spread of infection in hospital buildings, and evaluates the extent to which it is a problem, and concludes that although contact-spread is the principle route of transmission for most infections, the contribution of airborne micro-organisms to thespread of infection is likely to be greater than is currently recognised.Abstract:
Airborne transmission is known to be the route of infection for diseases such as tuberculosis and aspergillosis. It has also been implicated in nosocomial outbreaks of MRSA, Acinetobacter spp. and ...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of the Research Literature on Evidence-Based Healthcare Design
Roger S. Ulrich,Craig Zimring,Xuemei Zhu,Jennifer R. DuBose,Hyun-Bo Seo,Young-Seon Choi,Xiaobo Quan,Anjali Joseph +7 more
TL;DR: This review found a growing body of rigorous studies to guide healthcare design, especially with respect to reducing the frequency of hospital-acquired infections and the state of knowledge of evidence-based healthcare design has grown rapidly in recent years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment - a multidisciplinary systematic review.
Yiping Li,Gabriel M. Leung,Julian W. Tang,Xudong Yang,Christopher Y.H. Chao,J.Z. Lin,J.W. Lu,Per Væggemose Nielsen,Jianlei Niu,Hua Qian,Adrian Sleigh,Huey-Jen Jenny Su,Jan Sundell,Tze Wai Wong,P.L. Yuen +14 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review panel comprising medical and engineering experts in the fields of microbiology, medicine, epidemiology, indoor air quality, building ventilation, etc. systematically assessed 40 original studies through both individual assessment and a 2-day face-to-face consensus meeting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the factors involved in the generation of an infectious aerosol, transmission of infectious droplets or droplet nuclei from this aerosol and the potential for inhalation of such droplets by a susceptible host, and make recommendations to improve the control of aerosol-transmitted infections in hospitals as well as in the design and construction of future isolation facilities.
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Importance of the environment in meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquisition: the case for hospital cleaning
TL;DR: This Review will show why the removal of dirt might have more impact on the control of MRSA than previously thought.
Journal ArticleDOI
The size and concentration of droplets generated by coughing in human subjects.
TL;DR: Comparison of the droplets concentrations for subjects in different age groups demonstrated that subjects in the 30-50-year age group have the largest droplet concentrations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survival strategies of bacteria in the natural environment.
D B Roszak,Rita R. Colwell +1 more
TL;DR: The heterotrophic plate count has come under increasing criticism because it is inefficient, at best, for enumerating viable bacteria present in marine and estuarine systems.
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SHEA guideline for preventing nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus.
Carlene A. Muto,John A. Jernigan,Belinda E. Ostrowsky,Hervé Richet,William R. Jarvis,John M. Boyce,Barry M. Farr +6 more
TL;DR: Active surveillance cultures are essential to identify the reservoir for spread of MRSA and VRE infections and make control possible using the CDC's long-recommended contact precautions, demonstrating consistency of evidence, high strength of association, reversibility, dose gradient, and specificity for control with this approach.
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Environmental contamination due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: possible infection control implications.
TL;DR: It is concluded that inanimate surfaces near affected patients commonly become contaminated with MRSA and that the frequency of contamination is affected by the body site at which patients are colonized or infected.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe
TL;DR: In order to obtain pan-European data on methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 43 laboratories from 10 European countries each screened 200 consecutive Staphyloccus Aureus isolates for MRSA resistance only one isolate per patient was permitted All participants used a uniform oxacillin-supplemented screening plate and sent to Munich for reconfirmation and further susceptibility testing as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Airborne spread of measles in a suburban elementary school
TL;DR: A measles epidemic in a modern suburban elementary school in upstate New York in spring, 1974, is analyzed in terms of a model which provides a basis for apportioning the chance of infection from classmates sharing the same home room, from airborne organisms recirculated by the ventilating system, and from exposure in school buses.