Journal ArticleDOI
The global burden of hepatitis C.
TLDR
The reduction of global mortality and morbidity related to chronic hepatitis C should be a concern to public health authorities, and primary, secondary and tertiary prevention activities should be implemented and monitored in each country, with precise targets set to be reached.Abstract:
Hepatitis C is of concern both to industrialized and developing countries. Preliminary unpublished estimates of the global burden of disease (GBD) attributable to HCV-related chronic liver disease seem to be substantial. Therefore, the reduction of global mortality and morbidity related to chronic hepatitis C should be a concern to public health authorities, and primary, secondary and tertiary prevention activities should be implemented and monitored in each country, with precise targets set to be reached. In order to decide on national health policies, there is a need to estimate the burden of disease, globally, regionally and nationally. To evaluate the GBD, three components have to be assessed: 1) The global, regional and national burden of morbidity and mortality associated with HCV infection, based on prevalence, incidence, transmission and economics; 2) The natural history of HCV infection, including ‘healthy individuals’; and 3) The areas for which more research is needed. A working group was created to assist the World Health organization (WHO) in estimating the GBD associated with HCV infection.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection
TL;DR: The total number of HCV infections reported here are lower than previous estimates, and the exclusion of data from earlier studies conducted at the peak of the HCV epidemic, along with adjustments for reduced prevalence among children, are likely contributors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study
Sarah Blach,Stefan Zeuzem,Michael Manns,Ibrahim Altraif,Ann-Sofi Duberg,David H. Muljono,Imam Waked,Seyed M Alavian,Mei Hsuan Lee,Francesco Negro,Faisal Abaalkhail,Ahmed Abdou,Maheeba Abdulla,Antoine Abou Rached,Inka Aho,Ulus Salih Akarca,Imad Al Ghazzawi,Saad Al Kaabi,Faryal Al Lawati,Khalid Al Namaani,Youssif Al Serkal,Said A. Al-Busafi,Layla Al-Dabal,Soo Aleman,Abdullah S. Alghamdi,Abdulrahman Aljumah,Hamad Al-Romaihi,Monique Andersson,Vic Arendt,Perttu Arkkila,Abdullah M. Assiri,Oidov Baatarkhuu,Abate Bane,Ziv Ben-Ari,Colm Bergin,Fernando Bessone,Florian Bihl,Abdul Rahman Bizri,M. Blachier,Antonio Javier Blasco,Carlos E Brandão Mello,Philip Bruggmann,Cheryl Brunton,Filipe Calinas,Henry Lik-Yuen Chan,Asad Chaudhry,Hugo Cheinquer,Chien-Jen Chen,Rong-Nan Chien,Moon Seok Choi,Peer Brehm Christensen,Wan-Long Chuang,Vladimir Chulanov,Laura Cisneros,Mette Rye Clausen,Matthew E. Cramp,Antonio Craxì,E. A. Croes,Olav Dalgard,Jorge Daruich,Victor de Ledinghen,Gregory J. Dore,Manal H El-Sayed,Gül Ergör,Gamal Esmat,Chris Estes,Karolin Falconer,Elmoubashar Farag,Maria Lucia Gomes Ferraz,Paulo R. Ferreira,Robert Flisiak,Sona Frankova,Ivane Gamkrelidze,Edward Gane,Javier García-Samaniego,Akram Khan,Ilias Gountas,Adrian Goldis,Magnus Gottfredsson,Jason Grebely,Michael Gschwantler,Mario G. Pessoa,Jessie Gunter,Behzad Hajarizadeh,Omer Hajelssedig,Saeed Hamid,Waseem Hamoudi,Angelos Hatzakis,Sayed Himatt,Harald Hofer,Irena Hrstić,Yee Tak Hui,Béla Hunyady,Ramazan Idilman,Wasim Jafri,Rohani Jahis,Naveed Z. Janjua,Peter Jarcuska,Agita Jeruma,Jon G. Jonasson,Yasser Kamel,Jia-Horng Kao,Sabahattin Kaymakoglu,David Kershenobich,Jawad Khamis,Young Sik Kim,Loreta A. Kondili,Zaher Koutoubi,Mel Krajden,Henrik Krarup,Moon sing Lai,Wim Laleman,Wai-cheung C Lao,Daniel Lavanchy,Pablo Lázaro,Henri Leleu,Olufunmilayo A. Lesi,Laurentius A. Lesmana,Michael Li,Valentina Liakina,Young-Suk Lim,Boris Lukšić,Adam Mahomed,Matti Maimets,Mihály Makara,Abraham O. Malu,Rui Tato Marinho,Paul Marotta,Stefan Mauss,Muhammad S. Memon,Maria C Mendes Correa,Nahum Méndez-Sánchez,Shahin Merat,Ammal M. Metwally,Rosmawati Mohamed,Christophe Moreno,Fadi H. Mourad,Beat Müllhaupt,Kimberly Murphy,Helen Nde,Richard Njouom,Diana Nonković,Suzanne Norris,Solomon Obekpa,Stephen Oguche,S. Olafsson,Marian Oltman,Ogu Omede,CE Omuemu,Ohene Opare-Sem,Anne Øvrehus,Shirley Owusu-Ofori,Tsendsuren S. Oyunsuren,George V. Papatheodoridis,Ken Pasini,Kevork M. Peltekian,Richard Phillips,N. N. Pimenov,Hossein Poustchi,Nishi Prabdial-Sing,Huma Qureshi,Alnoor Ramji,Devin Razavi-Shearer,Kathryn Razavi-Shearer,Berhane Redae,Henk W. Reesink,Ezequiel Ridruejo,Sarah Robbins,Lewis R. Roberts,Stuart K. Roberts,William Rosenberg,Françoise Roudot-Thoraval,Stephen D. Ryder,Rifaat Safadi,Olga Sagalova,Riina Salupere,Faisal M. Sanai,Juan F.Sanchez Avila,Vivek A. Saraswat,Rui Sarmento-Castro,Christoph Sarrazin,Jonathan Schmelzer,Ivan Schréter,Carole Seguin-Devaux,Samir Shah,Ala I. Sharara,Manik Sharma,Anatoly Shevaldin,Gamal Shiha,William Sievert,Mark W. Sonderup,Kyriakos Souliotis,Danute Speiciene,Jan Sperl,Peter Stärkel,Rudolf E. Stauber,Catherine A.M. Stedman,Daniel Struck,Tung-Hung Su,Vana Sypsa,Soek Siam Tan,Junko Tanaka,Alexander J. Thompson,Ieva Tolmane,Krzysztof Tomasiewicz,Jonas Valantinas,Pierre Van Damme,Adriaan J. van der Meer,Ingo van Thiel,Hans Van Vlierberghe,Adriana Vince,Wolfgang Vogel,Heiner Wedemeyer,Nina Weis,Vincent Ws Wong,Cesar Yaghi,Ayman Yosry,Man-Fung Yuen,Evy Yunihastuti,Aasim Yusuf,Eli Zuckerman,Homie Razavi +221 more
TL;DR: The global estimate of viraemic HCV infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent prevalence estimates in Africa, and increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections.
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatitis C virus infection European Association for the Study of the Liver ⇑
TL;DR: The EASL CPGs on the management of HCV infection will be updated on a regular basis upon approval of additional novel therapies, and will apply to therapies that are approved at the time of their publication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology and natural history of HCV infection
TL;DR: Differences in past HCV incidence and current HCV prevalence, together with the generally protracted nature of HCV disease progression, has led to considerable diversity in the burden of advanced liver disease in different countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: An up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes.
Arnolfo Petruzziello,Samantha Marigliano,Giovanna Loquercio,Anna Cozzolino,Carmela Cacciapuoti +4 more
TL;DR: Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally (67.0% if considered together), other genotypes are found more commonly in lower-income countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection
TL;DR: Because there is no vaccine and no post-exposure prophylaxis for HCV, the focus of primary prevention efforts should be safer blood supply in the developing world, safe injection practices in health care and other settings, and decreasing the number of people who initiate injection drug use.
Journal ArticleDOI
The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide
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Journal ArticleDOI
The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1999 through 2002.
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TL;DR: To determine the characteristics of HCV-infected persons in the general United States population today and to monitor trends in prevalence, data on HCV infection from the most recent NHANES was analyzed.