Journal ArticleDOI
The nest of the honey bee (apis mellifera l.)
TLDR
The natural honey bee nest was studied in detail to better understand the honey bee's natural living conditions and to indicate the advanced characters in Apis mellifera nests arose in response to Apis Mellifera's adoption of tree cavities for nest sites.Abstract:
The natural honey bee nest was studied in detail to better understand the honey bee's natural living conditions. To describe the nest site we made external observations on 39 nests in hollow trees. We collected and dissected 21 of these tree nests to describe the nest architecture. No one tree genus strongly predominates among bee trees. Nest cavities are vertically elongate and approximately cylindrical. Most are 30 to 60 liters in volume and at the base of trees. Nest entrances tend to be small, 10 to 40 cm2, and at the nest bottom. Rough bark outside the entrance is often smoothed by the bees. Inside the nest, a thin layer of hardened plant resins (propolis) coats the cavity walls. Combs are fastened to the walls along their tops and sides, but bees leave small passageways along the comb edges. The basic nest organization is honey storage above, brood nest below, and pollen storage in between. Associated with this arrangement are differences in comb structure. Compared to combs used for honey storage, combs of the brood nest are generally darker and more uniform in width and in cell form. Drone comb is located on the brood nest's periphery. Comparisons amongApis nests indicate the advanced characters inApis mellifera nests arose in response toApis mellifera's adoption of tree cavities for nest sites.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Foraging strategy of honeybee colonies in a temperate deciduous forest
TL;DR: Previous studies on the mechanisms of honeybee recruitment communication indicate that the foraging strategy of a honeybee colony involves surveying the food source patches within a vast area around its nest, pooling the reconnaissance of its many foragers, and using this information to focus its forager force on a few high-quality patches within its foraging area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioinspired engineering of honeycomb structure – Using nature to inspire human innovation
Qian-Cheng Zhang,Xiaohu Yang,Peng Li,Guoyou Huang,Shangsheng Feng,Cheng Shen,Bin Han,Xiaohui Zhang,Feng Jin,Feng Xu,Tian Jian Lu +10 more
TL;DR: A review of the interdisciplinary efforts to better understand the design principles for products with honeycomb structures, including their fabrication, performance (e.g., mechanical, thermal and acoustic properties) as well as optimization design is presented in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Socialized medicine: individual and communal disease barriers in honey bees.
Jay D. Evans,Marla Spivak +1 more
TL;DR: This review briefly introduces the many pathogens and parasites afflicting honey bees, highlighting the biology of specific taxonomic groups mainly as they relate to virulence and possible defenses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of honey bee age polyethism by juvenile hormone
TL;DR: The hypothesis that JH affects worker age polyethism was supported by observing individually marked bees topically treated with different doses of the JH analog methoprene, which caused dose-dependent changes in the timing and frequency of occurrence of four important age-dependent tasks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Propolis and bee health: the natural history and significance of resin use by honey bees
TL;DR: This review serves to provide a compilation of recent research concerning the behavior of bees in relation to resins and propolis, focusing more on the bees themselves and the potential evolutionary benefits of resin collection.
References
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Book
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life
TL;DR: The "Penguin Classics" edition of "On the Origin of Species" as discussed by the authors contains an introduction and notes by William Bynum, and features a cover designed by Damien Hirst.
Book
On Growth and Form
TL;DR: This book is an application of some of the concepts of physical science and sundry mathematical methods to the study of organic form and is like one of Darwin's books, well-considered, patiently wrought-out, learned, and cautious.
BookDOI
On the origin of species by means of natural selection: Or the preservation of the favoured races in the struggle for life.
TL;DR: Darwin's "The Origin of Species" as mentioned in this paper is an account of the scientific theory that now lies at the root of our present attitude to the universe and has made a lasting contribution to philosophical and scientific thought.
Journal ArticleDOI
Schwarmbienen auf Wohnungssuche
TL;DR: In this article, a Schwarm, der sich in der Nahe seines Mutterstockes niedergelassen hat, nicht einfangt, sondern seinem eigenen Schicksal uberlast, dann sucht er sich selbst eine geeignete Wohngelegenheit und zieht nach einiger Zeit dorthin um.