A wide variety of media can be used in learning, including distance learning, such as print, lectures, conference sections, tutors, pictures, video, sound, and computers. Any one instance of distance learning will make choices among these media, perhaps using several.

Multimedia in Learning

The Internet of Things (IoT) makes smart objects the ultimate building blocks in the development of cyber-physical smart pervasive frameworks. The IoT has a variety of application domains, including health care. The IoT revolution is redesigning modern health care with promising technological, economic, and social prospects. This paper surveys advances in IoT-based health care technologies and reviews the state-of-the-art network architectures/platforms, applications, and industrial trends in IoT-based health care solutions. In addition, this paper analyzes distinct IoT security and privacy features, including security requirements, threat models, and attack taxonomies from the health care perspective. Further, this paper proposes an intelligent collaborative security model to minimize security risk; discusses how different innovations such as big data, ambient intelligence, and wearables can be leveraged in a health care context; addresses various IoT and eHealth policies and regulations across the world to determine how they can facilitate economies and societies in terms of sustainable development; and provides some avenues for future research on IoT-based health care based on a set of open issues and challenges.

The Internet of Things for Health Care: A Comprehensive Survey

A super-peer is a node in a peer-to-peer network that operates both as a server to a set of clients, and as an equal in a network of super-peers. Super-peer networks strike a balance between the efficiency of centralized search, and the autonomy, load balancing and robustness to attacks provided by distributed search. Furthermore, they take advantage of the heterogeneity of capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, processing power) across peers, which recent studies have shown to be enormous. Hence, new and old P2P systems like KaZaA and Gnutella are adopting super-peers in their design. Despite their growing popularity, the behavior of super-peer networks is not well understood. For example, what are the potential drawbacks of super-peer networks? How can super-peers be made more reliable? How many clients should a super-peer take on to maximize efficiency? we examine super-peer networks in detail, gaming an understanding of their fundamental characteristics and performance tradeoffs. We also present practical guidelines and a general procedure for the design of an efficient super-peer network.

Designing an Super-Peer Network

The adolescent society

Throughout the last century, the automobile industry achieved remarkable milestones in manufacturing reliable, safe, and affordable vehicles. Because of significant recent advances in computation and communication technologies, autonomous cars are becoming a reality. Already autonomous car prototype models have covered millions of miles in test driving. Leading technical companies and car manufacturers have invested a staggering amount of resources in autonomous car technology, as they prepare for autonomous cars’ full commercialization in the coming years. However, to achieve this goal, several technical and nontechnical issues remain: software complexity, real-time data analytics, and testing and verification are among the greater technical challenges; and consumer stimulation, insurance management, and ethical/moral concerns rank high among the nontechnical issues. Tackling these challenges requires thoughtful solutions that satisfy consumers, industry, and governmental requirements, regulations, and policies. Thus, here we present a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art results for autonomous car technology. We discuss current issues that hinder autonomous cars’ development and deployment on a large scale. We also highlight autonomous car applications that will benefit consumers and many other sectors. Finally, to enable cost-effective, safe, and efficient autonomous cars, we discuss several challenges that must be addressed (and provide helpful suggestions for adoption) by designers, implementers, policymakers, regulatory organizations, and car manufacturers.

Autonomous Cars: Research Results, Issues, and Future Challenges

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, will be very important for future distributed systems and applications. In such networks, peers are heterogeneous in providing the services and they do not have the same competence of reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate whether a peer is trustworthy or not for file sharing and other services. In this paper, we propose two fuzzy-based trustworthiness system for P2P communication in JXTA-overlay. System 1 has only one fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and uses four input parameters: mutually agreed behaviour (MAB), actual behaviour criterion (ABC), peer disconnections (PD) and number of uploads (NU) and the output is peer reliability (PR). System 2 has two FLCs. In FLC1 use three input parameters: number of jobs (NJ), number of connections (NC) and connection lifetime (CL) and the output is actual behavioural criterion (ABC). We use ABC and reputation (R) as input linguistic parameters for FLC2 and the output is peer reliability (PR). We evaluate the proposed systems by computer simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed systems have a good behaviour and can be used successfully to evaluate the reliability of the new peer connected in JXTA-overlay.

Trustworthiness in P2P: performance behaviour of two fuzzy-based systems for JXTA-overlay platform

In wireless sensor and actor networks, sensors and actors collaborate to get the information about the physical environment and perform appropriate actions. In order to provide effective sensing and acting, a distributed local coordination mechanism is necessary among sensors and actors. In this work, we implement and compare two Fuzzy-Based Systems (FBS1 and FBS2) for actor selection problem. These systems decide whether the actor will be selected for the required job or not, based on data supplied by sensors and actual actor condition. For FBS1, we use three input parameters: job type (JT), remaining energy of actor (REA) and distance of actor from job place (DAJP). The output parameter is actor selection decision (ASD). The simulation results show that the FBS1 decides the actor selection in order to have short delays, low energy consumption, and proper task assignment. For FBS2, we consider four input parameters: JT, REA, DAJP and actor node speed (ANS). The output parameter is the ASD. Comparing complexity of FBS1 and FBS2, the FBS2 is more complex than FBS1. However, it also considers mobility of actor nodes. Thus, the FBS2 is more flexible system than FBS1.

A comparison study of two fuzzy-based systems for selection of actor node in wireless sensor actor networks

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have become an important networking infrastructure for providing cost-efficient broadband wireless connectivity. WMNs are showing their applicability in deployment of medical, transport and surveillance applications in urban areas, metropolitan, neighbouring communities and municipal area networks. In this paper, we deal with connectivity and coverage problem of WMN. Because these problems are known to be NP-Hard, we propose and implement a system based on genetic algorithms (GAs) called WMN-GA. We evaluate the performance of WMN-GA for different mutation operators and show that single mutation operator has better behaviour considering size of giant component and the number of covered users.

Evaluation of WMN-GA for different mutation operators

A Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is a form of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET), which enables communication between vehicles and nearby roadside infrastructure through a wireless sensing device installed in vehicles. In VANETs and MANETs, the topology of network changes very often, therefore implementation of efficient routing protocols is very important problem. In VANETs, the mobility pattern of nodes is restricted along roads and is affected by movement of neighbour nodes. In this paper, we present a simulation system for VANET called CAVENET. In CAVENET, the mobility patterns of nodes are generated by one-dimensional cellular automaton. We implemented three routing protocols on CAVENET (AODV, OLSR and DYMO) and investigated their performance. We considered as evaluation metrics for simulation goodput and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). The simulation results have shown that DYMO protocol has better performance than AODV and OLSR protocols.

Goodput and PDR analysis of AODV, OLSR and DYMO protocols for vehicular networks using CAVENET

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are an instance of Ad-hoc networks, which are general-purpose distributed wireless networks interconnected without the need of any centralized infrastructure. VANETs are expected to be massively deployed in upcoming vehicles, because their use can improve the safety of driving and makes new forms of inter-vehicle communications possible as well. The simulation of VANETs requires two different components: a vehicular traffic simulator, capable to provide an accurate mobility model for the nodes of a VANET, and a network simulator, for simulating the behavior of a wireless network. In this paper, we provide a survey of mobility models proposed for VANETs. We analyze challenges and future perspectives of VANET simulators and current routing solutions for VANET.

Evjola Spaho

Papers

Trustworthiness in P2P: performance behaviour of two fuzzy-based systems for JXTA-overlay platform

A comparison study of two fuzzy-based systems for selection of actor node in wireless sensor actor networks

Evaluation of WMN-GA for different mutation operators

Goodput and PDR analysis of AODV, OLSR and DYMO protocols for vehicular networks using CAVENET

VANET Simulators: A Survey on Mobility and Routing Protocols