‘The Production of Space’, in: Frans Jacobi, Imagine, Space Poetry, Copenhagen, 1996, unpaginated.

The Production of Space

Ethnologue: Languages of the World

Vanishing Voices: The Extinction of the World's Languages.

Language Management: Frontmatter

The study of multilingual landscapes promises to introduce a new perspective into theories and policies of multilingualism, and to provide essential data for a politics of language. However, the theorization of space and language underlying the notion of linguistic landscape is not able to capture the manifold complexities of (transnational) multilingual mobility that is characteristic of many late-modern multilingual societies. Basing our argument on signage data from a contemporary South Africa in a dynamic phase of social transformation, we argue that more refined notions of space coupled to a material ethnography of multilingualism could provide a theoretically more relevant and methodologically refocused notion of (multilingual) linguistic landscape. Specifically, we take an approach to landscapes as semiotic moments in the social circulation of discourses (in multiple languages), and view signs as re-semiotized, socially invested distributions of multilingual resources, the material, symbolic and interactional artifacts of a sociolinguistics of mobility.

Towards a material ethnography of linguistic landscape: Multilingualism, mobility and space in a South African township

Linguistic landscape (LL) refers to linguistic objects that mark the public space. This paper compares patterns of LL in a variety of homogeneous and mixed Israeli cities, and in East Jerusalem. The groups studied were Israeli Jews, Palestinian Israelis and non-Israeli Palestinians from East Jerusalem, of whom most are not Israeli citizens. The study focused on the degree of visibility on private and public signs of the three major languages of Israel-Hebrew, Arabic and English. This study reveals essentially different LL patterns in Israel's various communities: Hebrew–English signs prevail in Jewish communities; Arabic Hebrew in Israeli–Palestinian communities; Arabic–English in East Jerusalem. Further analyses also evince significant – and different – discrepancies between public and private signs in the localities investigated. All in all, LL items are not faithfully representative of the linguistic repertoire typical of Israel's ethnolinguistic diversity, but rather of those linguistic resources that...

Linguistic Landscape as Symbolic Construction of the Public Space: The Case of Israel.

This sociolinguistic study describes and analyzes an Israeli Palestinian border village in the Little Triangle and another village artificially divided between Israel and the West Bank, tracing the political transformations that they have undergone, and the accompanying social and cultural changes. These political, social and cultural forces have resulted in distinctive sociolinguistic patterns. The primary explanation offered for the persisting linguistic frontier found in rural Palestinian communities is the continuing social, political, economic and cultural differences between Palestinian villages in Israel, and Palestinian villages in the West Bank. In the geopolitical and economic history of the villages, these distinctions have been maintained by the dissimilar treatment received by the two communities and their inhabitants under Israeli government policy. Exacerbated by the Palestinian Intifada, the relations of the Palestinian divided communities to each other and to the rest of the world have produced noticeable differences in economic, educational and cultural development. The sociolinguistic facts revealed in the language situation in the villages are study shown to be correlated with political and demographic differences.

Politics and Sociolinguistic Reflexes: Palestinian border villages

Hebrew as a second language is not only taught to Israeli Palestinians, but also to adult immigrants and their young children However, in the case of immigrants the purpose is to replace their immigrant language with Hebrew, while among Israeli Palestinians it is acknowledged as additive Hebrew is a compulsory language for Israeli Palestinian pupils It is the dominant language in all domains of life in Israel, making it extremely difficult for Israeli Palestinians to function without sufficient competence in Hebrew outside their home towns and villages However, the school curricula has not always considered the special needs of this population, and the contents and topics of Hebrew teaching instead emphasised culture and literature This paper examines three major aspects related to Hebrew language teaching in Israeli Palestinian elementary schools: attitudes towards teaching Hebrew to Palestinians; Hebrew teaching goals and curricula; and the textbooks and their contents Hebrew teaching in elementar

Teaching Hebrew to Palestinian Pupils in Israel

The current study shows that sociolinguistic patterns are reflections and transmitters of social and political patterns. The ongoing modernisation of Israeli Palestinian society, which has resulted in a relatively heterogeneous social structure, is most likely to lead to relatively low conformity to single code. Supporting evidence is found by looking at the social differentiation of Hebrew and English lexical items in the Palestinian Arabic spoken in an Arab village.

Hebrew and English Lexical Reflections of Socio-Political Changes in Palestinian Arabic.

This article focuses on the nature of Islamic fundamentalism in Israel. The interplay of Islamic fundamentalism's attitude toward the Israeli‐Palestinian conflict and the extent of the movement's integration into Israeli political life is explored. In addressing these themes, the history of Israeli Islamic fundamentalism is reviewed from the pre‐state period through the present, as are effects of both internal and external factors on the movement's development. In general, the movement has followed a pragmatic line, although its future endeavors and nature will undoubtedly be influenced by the continuing peace process.

Muhammad Hasan Amara

Papers

Linguistic Landscape as Symbolic Construction of the Public Space: The Case of Israel.

Politics and Sociolinguistic Reflexes: Palestinian border villages

Teaching Hebrew to Palestinian Pupils in Israel

Hebrew and English Lexical Reflections of Socio-Political Changes in Palestinian Arabic.

The nature of Islamic fundamentalism in Israel