다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5610941/5624686/05624745.pdf

Power electronics

https://research.aalto.fi/files/11701996/1_s2.0_S174680941500021X_main.pdf

Current state of digital signal processing in myoelectric interfaces and related applications

Authors. in profile

Agriculture came into existence about 15,000 years ago and passed through different stages of gathering, hunting, hoe culture, and sedentary agriculture, followed by modern agriculture. It began simultaneously in five world centers concentrating on different crops, most suited to the respective areas, and it was affected by changes in climate which determined the distribution of populations and their occupations. With the increase in population, the need for food progressively increased, necessitating introduction of modern agriculture to enhance production. The indiscriminate and faulty use of advanced technology to meet the food demand of fast-increasing populations added to its share to the destruction of the environment. The two approaches that contributed to this were horizontal expansion and vertical expansion. The former resulted in deforestation, desertification, soil erosion, land salting, and water logging, as well as the frequent occurrence of droughts and famines; the latter destroyed the soil structure and fertility through decreased microbial populations, fish culture, wildlife and bird sanctuaries, in addition to producing water and soil pollution and serious health hazards in human beings and fauna. The real culprit of this geobiologic devastation is the population growth rate, which needs to be contained at safer levels.

Agriculture and environment.

We propose an electric wheelchair controlled by gaze direction and eye blinking. A camera is set up in front of a wheelchair user to capture image information. The sequential captured image is interpreted to obtain the gaze direction and eye blinking properties. The gaze direction is expressed by the horizontal angle of the gaze, and this is derived from the triangle formed by the centers of the eyes and the nose. The gaze direction and eye blinking are used to provide direction and timing commands, respectively. The direction command relates to the direction of movement of the electric wheelchair, and the timing command relates to the time when the wheelchair should move. The timing command with an eye blinking mechanism is designed to generate ready, backward movement, and stop commands for the electric wheelchair. Furthermore, to move at a certain velocity, the electric wheelchair also receives a velocity command as well as the direction and timing commands. The disturbance observer-based control system is used to control the direction and velocity. For safety purposes, an emergency stop is generated when the electric wheelchair user does not focus their gaze consistently in any direction for a specifi ed time. A number of simulations and experiments were conducted with the electric wheelchair in a laboratory environment.

Electric wheelchair control with gaze direction and eye blinking

Eyes base Electric Wheel Chair Control: EBEWC is proposed. The proposed EBEWC is controlled by human eyes only. Therefore disabled person can control the EBEWC by themselves. Most of the computer input system with human eyes only consider in specific condition and does not work in a real time basis. Moreover, it is not robust against various user races, illumination conditions, EWC vibration, and user's movement. Though experiments, it is found that the proposed EBEWC is robust against the aforementioned influencing factors. Moreover, it is confirmed that the proposed EBEWC can be controlled by human eyes only accurately and safely. Keywords-computer input by human eyes only; gaze estimation; electric wheelchair control. I. INTRODUCTION The existing computer input devices such as keyboard, mouse, and the other input devices have been used to interact with digital instruments. These computer input devices cannot be operated by handicap persons. In this paper, a computer input device by human eyes only is proposed for handicap person and also for wearable computing. The existing computer input devices without finger, voice, and gesture can be divided into five categories;

/pdf/eyes-based-eletric-wheel-chair-control-system-i-eye-can-y5q404s9nb.pdf

Eyes Based Eletric Wheel Chair Control System - I (eye) can control Electric Wheel Chair -

Hand Gesture Recognition sensor based on accelerometer and gyroscope is a sensor for capturing the positions of operator hand while controlling underwater remotely operated vehicle equipped with an arm. The proposed system has an advantage in its convenience by means of no training or exercise needed for operator before using it. The key issue here is how beginner operator could use easily the underwater remotely operated robot arm without any specific training. The conventional one uses a joystick for controlling the underwater system and it is inconvenience for beginner user as well as less precision. The proposed system consists of two main part: (1) ground station and (2) underwater remotely operated robot arm. This paper proposes the development of hand gesture recognition sensor used by operator at the ground station for controlling robot arm at the underwater robot. The proposed sensor uses accelerometers and gyroscopes installed in elbow, forearm, and wrist. These devices measure 3D position of each joints for constructing 3D position of hand. We design sensor's casing for its convenience of use by using CAD software. Each sensor is connected by Arduino Nano microcontroller having compact circuit and embedded it into sensor's casing. The sensors are connected to a microcontroller acting as master connected to microcontroller slave (sensor part). These sensors value are converted to 3D position by using forward kinematic. The forward kinematic values are sent to the underwater robot by using a wire utilizing Pulse Position Signal. Then, it converted again to servo's movement by using inverse kinematic. The result is operator able to control the underwater remotely robot arm by utilizing hand gesture directly. The last, operator could control the robot gripper based on flex sensor installed in operator's fingers. The accuracy of the sensor has been tested under laboratory condition, it has 98% of accuracy.

Development of hand gesture recognition sensor based on accelerometer and gyroscope for controlling arm of underwater remotely operated robot

Blink detection is used for a variety of applications such as Human-Computer Interaction, wearable computing, etc. Blink detection method with Gabor filter is proposed to realize high accurate blink detection. The blink detection accuracy is evaluated by several people and compare to the other existing conventional methods. Through the comparison, it is found that the proposed blink detection method with Gabor filter is superior to the other methods.

Comparative Study on Blink Detection and Gaze Estimation Methods for HCI, in Particular, Gabor Filter Utilized Blink Detection Method

Smart City is the use of ICT-based governance and cloud is now a trend throughout the world. Various increasingly complex city problems are expected to become increasingly more efficient by applying the concept of smart cities in city governance. However, in its implementation, many crucial problems significantly affect the success of the implementation of smart cities, including the lack of competent human resources, ICT policies and governance that have not been efficient, lack of government commitment and the lack of community participation. This study aims to model smart city readiness factors in community perspectives. The method in this study is quantitative descriptive research using a combination of the Technology Readiness Index model, the Technology Acceptance Model and the Delone McLean Model. Data collection is done by conducting surveys and interviews with 200 citizens. Data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling with the help of AMOS 23.0 software. The results showed that there were a significant relationship and relevance between the variables in the model used in the TRI, TAM and Delone McLean models. This study contributes to the relationship modelling of the factors that determine the success of applying the smart city concept. This research provides recommendations to the government and stakeholders to pay more attention to the crucial factors in the success of developing smart cities.

Ronny Mardiyanto

Papers

Electric wheelchair control with gaze direction and eye blinking

Eyes Based Eletric Wheel Chair Control System - I (eye) can control Electric Wheel Chair -

Development of hand gesture recognition sensor based on accelerometer and gyroscope for controlling arm of underwater remotely operated robot

Comparative Study on Blink Detection and Gaze Estimation Methods for HCI, in Particular, Gabor Filter Utilized Blink Detection Method

A Model for Evaluation Smart City Readiness using Structural Equation Modelling: a Citizen's Perspective