Bone grafts and biomaterials substitutes for bone defect repair: A review.

Platelet adhesion and spreading is suppressed when a poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate) (PMEA) surface is used, compared with other polymer surfaces. To clarify the reason for this suppression, the relationship among the amount of the plasma protein adsorbed onto PMEA, its secondary structure and platelet adhesion was investigated. Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) and polyacrylate analogous were used as references. The amount of protein adsorbed onto PMEA was very low and similar to that absorbed onto PHEMA. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy was applied to examine changes in the secondary structure of the proteins after adsorption onto the polymer surface. The conformation of the proteins adsorbed onto PHEMA changed considerably, but that of proteins adsorbed onto PMEA differed only a little from the native one. These results suggest that low platelet adhesion and spreading are closely related to the low degree of the denaturation of the protein adsorbed onto PMEA. PMEA could be developed as a promising material to produce a useful blood-contacting surface for medical devices.

Biocompatible aspects of poly ( 2 - methoxyethylacrylate) (PMEA), relationship between protein adsorption and platelet adhesion on PMEA Surface

Advances in synthesis of calcium phosphate crystals with controlled size and shape.

Current state of fabrication technologies and materials for bone tissue engineering.

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a rapidly growing field aiming to create a biofunctional tissue that can integrate and degrade in vivo to treat diseased or damaged tissue. It has become evident that scaffold fabrication techniques are very important in dictating the final structural, mechanical properties, and biological response of the implanted biomaterials. A comprehensive review of the current accomplishments on scaffold fabrication techniques, their structure, and function properties for BTE is provided herein. Different types of biomaterials ranging from inorganic biomaterials to natural and synthetic polymers and related composites for scaffold processing are presented. Emergent scaffolding techniques such as electrospinning, freeze-drying, bioprinting, and decellularization are also discussed. Strategies to improve vascularization potential and immunomodulation, which is considered a grand challenge in BTE scaffolding, are also presented.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adfm.202010609

Scaffold fabrication technologies and structure/function properties in bone tissue engineering

Bioceramics, because of its excellent biocompatible and mechanical properties, has always been considered as the most promising materials for hard tissue repair. It is well know that an appropriate cellular response to bioceramics surfaces is essential for tissue regeneration and integration. As the in vivo implants, the implanted bioceramics are immediately coated with proteins from blood and body fluids, and it is through this coated layer that cells sense and respond to foreign implants. Hence, the adsorption of proteins is critical within the sequence of biological activities. However, the biological mechanisms of the interactions of bioceramics and proteins are still not well understood. In this review, we will recapitulate the recent studies on the bioceramic–protein interactions.

A review of protein adsorption on bioceramics

Combination of fused deposition modeling and gas foaming technique to fabricated hierarchical macro/microporous polymer scaffolds

Nanostructured calcium phosphate (CaP) is an important biomaterial for hard tissue repair with potential applications in some soft tissues as reported by recent studies. Herein, we shed light on recent research progress with respect to the biological effects of nanostructured CaP in some specific biological systems, including bone, cartilage, blood vessels, and nerve repair or regeneration. Specific cellular and molecular biological effects of nanostructured CaP and nanostructured CaP-based composites on numerous types of cells are summarized. Finally, the cytotoxicity and inflammatory response of nanostructured CaP are discussed.

Youliang Hong

Papers

A review of protein adsorption on bioceramics

Combination of fused deposition modeling and gas foaming technique to fabricated hierarchical macro/microporous polymer scaffolds

Applications of nanostructured calcium phosphate in tissue engineering