Institution
Arizona State University
Education•Tempe, Arizona, United States•
About: Arizona State University is a education organization based out in Tempe, Arizona, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 40425 authors who have published 109662 publications receiving 4488331 citations. The organization is also known as: Arizona State & ASU Tempe.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In both lakes and terrestrial systems, herbivores should have low growth efficiencies when consuming autotrophs with typical carbon-to-nutrient ratios and stoichiometric constraints on herbivore growth appear to be qualitatively similar and widespread in both environments.
Abstract: Biological and environmental contrasts between aquatic and terrestrial systems have hindered analyses of community and ecosystem structure across Earth's diverse habitats. Ecological stoichiometry1,2 provides an integrative approach for such analyses, as all organisms are composed of the same major elements (C, N, P) whose balance affects production, nutrient cycling, and food-web dynamics3,4. Here we show both similarities and differences in the C:N:P ratios of primary producers (autotrophs) and invertebrate primary consumers (herbivores) across habitats. Terrestrial food webs are built on an extremely nutrient-poor autotroph base with C:P and C:N ratios higher than in lake particulate matter, although the N:P ratios are nearly identical. Terrestrial herbivores (insects) and their freshwater counterparts (zooplankton) are nutrient-rich and indistinguishable in C:N:P stoichiometry. In both lakes and terrestrial systems, herbivores should have low growth efficiencies (10–30%) when consuming autotrophs with typical carbon-to-nutrient ratios. These stoichiometric constraints on herbivore growth appear to be qualitatively similar and widespread in both environments.
1,335 citations
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Michael R. Hoffmann1, Craig Hilton-Taylor2, Ariadne Angulo2, Monika Böhm3 +170 more•Institutions (81)
TL;DR: Though the threat of extinction is increasing, overall declines would have been worse in the absence of conservation, and current conservation efforts remain insufficient to offset the main drivers of biodiversity loss in these groups.
Abstract: Using data for 25,780 species categorized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, we present an assessment of the status of the world's vertebrates. One-fifth of species are classified as Threatened, and we show that this figure is increasing: On average, 52 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians move one category closer to extinction each year. However, this overall pattern conceals the impact of conservation successes, and we show that the rate of deterioration would have been at least one-fifth again as much in the absence of these. Nonetheless, current conservation efforts remain insufficient to offset the main drivers of biodiversity loss in these groups: agricultural expansion, logging, overexploitation, and invasive alien species.
1,333 citations
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13 Jun 2010TL;DR: The proposed method to learn an over-complete dictionary is based on extending the K-SVD algorithm by incorporating the classification error into the objective function, thus allowing the performance of a linear classifier and the representational power of the dictionary being considered at the same time by the same optimization procedure.
Abstract: In a sparse-representation-based face recognition scheme, the desired dictionary should have good representational power (i.e., being able to span the subspace of all faces) while supporting optimal discrimination of the classes (i.e., different human subjects). We propose a method to learn an over-complete dictionary that attempts to simultaneously achieve the above two goals. The proposed method, discriminative K-SVD (D-KSVD), is based on extending the K-SVD algorithm by incorporating the classification error into the objective function, thus allowing the performance of a linear classifier and the representational power of the dictionary being considered at the same time by the same optimization procedure. The D-KSVD algorithm finds the dictionary and solves for the classifier using a procedure derived from the K-SVD algorithm, which has proven efficiency and performance. This is in contrast to most existing work that relies on iteratively solving sub-problems with the hope of achieving the global optimal through iterative approximation. We evaluate the proposed method using two commonly-used face databases, the Extended YaleB database and the AR database, with detailed comparison to 3 alternative approaches, including the leading state-of-the-art in the literature. The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms these competing methods in most of the cases. Further, using Fisher criterion and dictionary incoherence, we also show that the learned dictionary and the corresponding classifier are indeed better-posed to support sparse-representation-based recognition.
1,331 citations
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TL;DR: Questions addressed by these models mainly concentrate on TB control strategies, optimal vaccination policies, approaches toward the elimination of TB in the U.S.A., TB co-infection with HIV/AIDS, drug-resistant TB, responses of the immune system, impacts of demography, the role of public transportation systems, and the impact of contact patterns.
Abstract: The reemergence of tuberculosis (TB) from the 1980s to the early
1990s instigated extensive researches on the mechanisms behind the
transmission dynamics of TB epidemics. This article provides a
detailed review of the work on the dynamics and control of TB. The
earliest mathematical models describing the TB dynamics appeared in
the 1960s and focused on the prediction and control strategies using
simulation approaches. Most recently developed models not only pay
attention to simulations but also take care of dynamical analysis
using modern knowledge of dynamical systems. Questions addressed by
these models mainly concentrate on TB control strategies, optimal
vaccination policies, approaches toward the elimination of TB in the
U.S.A., TB co-infection with HIV/AIDS, drug-resistant TB, responses
of the immune system, impacts of demography, the role of public
transportation systems, and the impact of contact patterns. Model
formulations involve a variety of mathematical areas, such as ODEs
(Ordinary Differential Equations) (both autonomous and
non-autonomous systems), PDEs (Partial Differential Equations),
system of difference equations, system of integro-differential
equations, Markov chain model, and simulation models.
1,327 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore strategic entrepreneurship in several important organizational domains to include external networks and alliances, resources and organizational learning, innovation and internationalization, and integrate, extend and test theory and research from entrepreneurship and strategic management in new ways such as creative destruction (discontinuities), resource-based view, organizational learning and transaction costs.
Abstract: Entrepreneurship involves identifying and exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities. However, to create the most value entrepreneurial firms also need to act strategically. This calls for an integration of entrepreneurial and strategic thinking. We explore this strategic entrepreneurship in several important organizational domains to include external networks and alliances, resources and organizational learning, innovation and internationalization. The research in this special issue examines both traditional (e.g., contingency theory, strategic fit) and new theory (e.g., cultural entrepreneurship, business model drivers). The research also integrates, extends, and tests theory and research from entrepreneurship and strategic management in new ways such as creative destruction (discontinuities), resource-based view, organizational learning, network theory, transaction costs and institutional theory. The research presented herein provides a basis for future research on strategic entrepreneurship for wealth creation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1,325 citations
Authors
Showing all 40980 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
Xiaohui Fan | 183 | 878 | 168522 |
John A. Rogers | 177 | 1341 | 127390 |
Omar M. Yaghi | 165 | 459 | 163918 |
Martin Karplus | 163 | 831 | 138492 |
Daniel J. Jacob | 162 | 656 | 76530 |
Elliott M. Antman | 161 | 716 | 179462 |
Peter B. Reich | 159 | 790 | 110377 |
Joseph Wang | 158 | 1282 | 98799 |
Claude Bouchard | 153 | 1076 | 115307 |
Rajesh Kumar | 149 | 4439 | 140830 |
Paolo Boffetta | 148 | 1455 | 93876 |
Yoshio Bando | 147 | 1234 | 80883 |
James M. Tour | 143 | 859 | 91364 |
Andrew G. Clark | 140 | 823 | 123333 |