Ecole nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne

About: Ecole nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Grain boundary & Microstructure. The organization has 890 authors who have published 1283 publications receiving 28464 citations.

Boron carbide ― a comprehensive review

Abstract: Boron carbide, which has a high melting point, outstanding hardness, good mechanical properties, low specific weight, great resistance to chemical agents and high neutron absorption cross-section (10BxC, x>4) is currently used in high-technology industries—fast-breeders, lightweight armors and high-temperature thermoelectric conversion. The contents of this review are: (1) introduction; (2) preparations—industrial preparative routes, powders, sintering (additives, pressureless, hot pressing, HIP); laboratory methods of synthesis (CVD, PVD, plasma, crystal growth); (3) analytical characterization; (4) phase diagram—a peritectic, nearly pure boron, and a wide phase homogeneity range (B4C-B10·5C); (5) rhombohedral crystal structure—a comprehensive model of the whole solid solution is proposed; (6) chemical properties; (7) physical properties—density, mechanical (strength, hardness, toughness) and thermo-electrical properties; (8) main industrial applications; (9) conclusion.

An experimental study of the recrystallization mechanism during hot deformation of aluminium

Abstract: Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (involving nucleation and grain growth) is rarely observed in metals with high stacking fault energies, such as aluminium. In this metal, two other types of recrystallization have been observed: continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX, i.e. the transformation of subgrains into grains); and geometric dynamic recrystallization (due to the evolution of the initial grains). The main purpose of this work was to bring clearly into evidence and to better characterize CDRX. Uniaxial compression tests were carried out at 0.7 T m and 10 −2 s −1 on three types of polycrystalline aluminium: a pure aluminium (1199), a commercial purity aluminium (1200) and an Al-2.5wt.%Mg alloy (5052), and also on single crystals of pure aluminium. In addition, 1200 aluminium specimens were strained in torsion. The deformed microstructures were investigated at various strains using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction. Observations of the single crystalline samples confirm that subgrain boundaries can effectively transform into grain boundaries, especially when the initial orientation is unstable. In the case of polycrystalline specimens, after separating the effects of the initial and new grain boundaries, it turns out that CDRX operates faster in the 1200 aluminium compared to the two other grades. Moreover, it appears that the strain path does not alter noticeably the CDRX kinetics.

The Ripple effect in supply chains: trade-off 'efficiency-flexibility-resilience' in disruption management

Abstract: This study aims at presenting the Ripple effect in supply chains It develops different dimensions of the Ripple effect and summarises recent developments in the field of supply chain (SC) disruption management from a multi-disciplinary perspective It structures and classifies existing research streams and applications areas of different quantitative methods to the Ripple effect analysis as well as identifying gaps in current research and delineating future research avenues The analysis shows that different frameworks already exist implicitly for tackling the Ripple effect in the SC dynamics, control and disruption management domain However, quantitative analysis tools are still rarely applied in praxis We conclude that the Ripple effect can be the phenomenon that is able to consolidate research in SC disruption management and recovery similar to the bullwhip effect regarding demand and lead time fluctuations This may build the agenda for future research on SC dynamics, control, continuity and disrup