Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

About: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad is a education organization based out in Mashhad, Iran. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 11407 authors who have published 20810 publications receiving 263263 citations.

Hesperetin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructure Lipid Carriers for Food Fortification: Preparation, Characterization, and Modeling

Abstract: Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructure lipid carriers were used to entrap hesperetin and broaden confined knowledge of application of nanocarriers as the functional ingredients in food sectors. The produced nanocarriers using a high mechanical shear method were subjected to size and zeta potential analysis. The developed nanosize carriers had the encapsulation efficiency ranging from 39.90 to 63.08 %. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were also employed to study thermal behavior, crystalline state, and chemical structure. The release behavior of hesperetin in simulated gastrointestinal conditions was investigated and kinetically modeled. The modeling results indicated that the release phenomenon is mostly governed by combination of Fickian and dissolution mechanisms. Stability of the nanocarriers, as analyzed for up to 30 days, at 6 and 25 °C in aqueous suspension, showed no detectable hesperetin leakage. Cryoprotectant effect of different compounds (i.e., glucose, sorbitol, glycerin, lactose, and sucrose) was also examined. Finally, the potential capability of nanocarriers for food fortification was studied using milk as a model food. The fortified milk samples were subjected to sensory analysis and results betokened that the developed nanocarriers did not show any significant difference with blank milk sample and could well mask the bitter taste, after taste, and obviate poor solubility of hesperetin.

Application of the CERES-Wheat model for within-season prediction of winter wheat yield in the United Kingdom

Abstract: Mechanistic crop growth models have many potential uses for crop management These models can aid in preseason and within-season management decisions for cultural practices such as fertilizer and irrigation applications and pest and disease management When making these management decisions, maximizing yield and net return as a function of inputs and production costs is one of the fundamental goals Reliable yield forecasting within the growing season would enable improved planning and more efficient management of grain production, handling, and marketing The objective of this study was to determine if the dynamic simulation model CERES-Wheat could be used to forecast final grain yield and crop biomass within the growing season for environmental and management conditions in the United Kingdom (UK) Experimental data for three seasons and four sites were used for model calibration and evaluation A stochastic approach was applied, based on multiple years of weather data generated with the weather generator SIMMETEO Yield forecasts were conducted for five different developmental stages within the growing season For each forecast date, observed weather data were used up to the forecast date and supplemented with generated weather data until final harvest was predicted Eighty-nine different sequences of generated weather data were used for each forecast Predicted grain yield had a root mean square difference (RMSD) ranging from 095 t ha -1 for the first forecast date to 068 t ha -1 for the final forecast date while the RMSD for total predicted biomass ranged from 359 to 209 t ha -1 An analysis of predicted final grain yield and biomass for all forecast dates showed a significant difference for the first three sample dates up to flag leaf appearance No significant difference was found for the forecasts conducted at the anthesis stage (paired t test: p = 073 for grain yield and p = 032 for biomass) and milk stage (p = 079 for grain yield and p = 022 for biomass) This study showed that using only stochastically generated weather data to substitute measured data could provide a reliable forecast for wheat (Triticum aestivum L) grain yield starting in June until the remainder of the season for conditions in the UK

Application of molecularly-imprinted polymers in solid-phase microextraction techniques

Abstract: In spite of the huge developments in analytical instrumentation during the past two decades, sample preparation is still considered as the most critical step in the whole analytical process. It is required in order to remove interferences and preconcentrate target analytes. Efforts have been made to improve selectivity during extraction. Molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIPs) have affinity for the original template molecule and have been used in applications, such as chemical separation, selective extraction, catalysis, or molecular sensing. In the present review, we describe the application of MIPs in the various modes of solid-phase microextraction.