Institution
Great Ormond Street Hospital
Healthcare•London, United Kingdom•
About: Great Ormond Street Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Transplantation & Population. The organization has 6535 authors who have published 11240 publications receiving 413647 citations. The organization is also known as: GOSH & Hospital for Sick Children.
Topics: Transplantation, Population, Intensive care, Medicine, Epilepsy
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The stroke volume response to exercise stress is reduced in patients after the Mustard operation because of failure to augment right ventricular filling rates during tachycardia, presumably as a result of impaired AV transport, consequent to the abnormal intra-atrial pathways.
Abstract: Background—Impaired right ventricular function has been implicated as a cause of reduced maximal exercise capacity after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries. Methods and Results—Fourteen asymptomatic survivors of the Mustard operation were studied. Each underwent conventional cardiac catheterization, and after satisfactory hemodynamics were confirmed, load-independent indexes of ventricular function were derived by conductance catheter during dobutamine infusion (0, 5, and 10 μg · kg−1 · min−1). Seven patients also underwent upright exercise testing on a bicycle ergometer with analysis of respiratory gas exchange by continuous mass spectrometry. Accessible pulmonary blood flow was measured at each workload with an automated acetylene rebreathing technique. All patients exercised to a satisfactory end point (respiratory quotient >1.1). Maximum oxygen consumption during exercise was impaired compared with predicted values (mean, 77%; P<0.02). Both exercise and dobutamine infusion w...
139 citations
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TL;DR: The implementation of Tikhonov regularization with the L‐curve criterion is described, which is tested on simulated and patient data, and the results are compared to those found using the conventional SVD approach.
Abstract: Quantification of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the tissue residue function (R) using bolus-tracking MRI requires deconvolution of the arterial input function (AIF). Currently, the most commonly used deconvolution method is singular value decomposition (SVD), which has been shown to produce accurate estimations of CBF. However, this method introduces unwanted oscillations in the time course of R, and there are situations in which the actual shape is of interest (e.g., in calculating flow heterogeneity and assessing bolus dispersion). In such cases, the conventional SVD method may no longer be suitable, and an alternative approach may be required. This work describes the implementation of Tikhonov regularization with the L-curve criterion to quantify CBF and obtain a better characterization of R. The methodology is tested on simulated and patient data, and the results are compared to those found using the conventional SVD approach. Although both methods produce similar CBF values, the deconvolved R shape obtained using SVD is dominated by oscillations and fails to characterize the shape in the presence of dispersion. On the other hand, the use of the proposed regularization method improves the characterization of the tissue residue function.
139 citations
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TL;DR: The emerging view is that these genes act in concert to specify a population of mesenchymal progenitor cells, mainly of neural crest origin, as they migrate anteriorly around the embryonic optic cup to give rise to distinct anterior segment tissues.
Abstract: Anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) is a failure of the normal development of the tissues of the anterior segment of the eye. It leads to anomalies in the structure of the mature anterior segment, associated with an increased risk of glaucoma and corneal opacity. Several different gene mutations have been identified underlying these anomalies with the majority of ASD genes encoding transcriptional regulators. In this review, the role of the ASD genes, PITX2 and FOXC1, is considered in relation to the embryology of the anterior segment, the biochemical function of these proteins, and their role in development and disease aetiology. The emerging view is that these genes act in concert to specify a population of mesenchymal progenitor cells, mainly of neural crest origin, as they migrate anteriorly around the embryonic optic cup. These same genes then regulate mesenchymal cell differentiation to give rise to distinct anterior segment tissues. Development appears critically sensitive to gene dosage, and variation in the normal level of transcription factor activity causes a range of anterior segment anomalies. Interplay between PITX2 and FOXC1 in the development of different anterior segment tissues may partly explain the phenotypic variability and the genetic heterogeneity characteristic of ASD.
139 citations
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Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital1, University of Birmingham2, National Health Service3, Churchill Hospital4, Imperial College Healthcare5, Great Ormond Street Hospital6, National Institutes of Health7, University College London8, University of Bristol9, Beaumont Hospital10, Cardiff University11, Federal University of Paraná12, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research13, University of Oxford14, Queen Mary University of London15, Institute of Cancer Research16, Centre national de la recherche scientifique17, Carlos III Health Institute18, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary19, Moscow State University20, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais21, St Bartholomew's Hospital22, University of Lyon23, University of Exeter24, University of Cambridge25, Imperial College London26
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the possible coexistence of pituitary adenoma and pheo/PGL and found that mutations in the genes known to cause PPGL can rarely be associated with pituitaries, whereas mutation in a gene predisposing to Pituitary Adenomas (MEN1) can be associated this article.
Abstract: Objective:
The objective of the investigation was to study the possible coexistence of pituitary adenoma and pheo/PGL.
Design:
Thirty-nine cases of sporadic or familial pheo/PGL and pituitary adenomas were investigated. Known pheo/PGL genes (SDHA-D, SDHAF2, RET, VHL, TMEM127, MAX, FH) and pituitary adenoma genes (MEN1, AIP, CDKN1B) were sequenced using next generation or Sanger sequencing. Loss of heterozygosity study and pathological studies were performed on the available tumor samples.
Setting:
The study was conducted at university hospitals.
Patients:
Thirty-nine patients with sporadic of familial pituitary adenoma and pheo/PGL participated in the study.
Outcome:
Outcomes included genetic screening and clinical characteristics.
Results:
Eleven germline mutations (five SDHB, one SDHC, one SDHD, two VHL, and two MEN1) and four variants of unknown significance (two SDHA, one SDHB, and one SDHAF2) were identified in the studied genes in our patient cohort. Tumor tissue analysis identified LOH at the SDHB locus in three pituitary adenomas and loss of heterozygosity at the MEN1 locus in two pheochromocytomas. All the pituitary adenomas of patients affected by SDHX alterations have a unique histological feature not previously described in this context.
Conclusions:
Mutations in the genes known to cause pheo/PGL can rarely be associated with pituitary adenomas, whereas mutation in a gene predisposing to pituitary adenomas (MEN1) can be associated with pheo/PGL. Our findings suggest that genetic testing should be considered in all patients or families with the constellation of pheo/PGL and a pituitary adenoma.
139 citations
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TL;DR: The authors report 22 cases of Alström syndrome (AS), which is the largest series to date, and review the clinical features and compare these with the overlapping condition of Bardet-Biedl syndrome to clarify the AS phenotype.
139 citations
Authors
Showing all 6567 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John Hardy | 177 | 1178 | 171694 |
Robin M. Murray | 171 | 1539 | 116362 |
Jane Wardle | 144 | 799 | 75276 |
Martin McKee | 138 | 1732 | 125972 |
Andrew Steptoe | 137 | 1003 | 73431 |
Tim J Cole | 136 | 827 | 92998 |
Alan Ashworth | 134 | 578 | 72089 |
Paul Harrison | 133 | 1400 | 80539 |
Peter J. Goadsby | 123 | 946 | 73783 |
Peter J. Anderson | 120 | 966 | 63635 |
John E. Deanfield | 120 | 497 | 61067 |
David A. Isenberg | 119 | 1180 | 68426 |
Richard J.H. Smith | 118 | 1308 | 61779 |
Francesco Muntoni | 115 | 963 | 52629 |
Mike Clarke | 113 | 1037 | 164328 |